AP Gov Required Court Cases

establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review (judicial review)

Supreme Court ruling (1819) confirming the supremacy of national over state government (commerce clause)

established the right to limit free speech during wartime; freedom of speech is limited if it causes harm/danger (first amendment/speech)

court found that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection clause "separate but equal" has no place (14th amendment/equal protection clause)

case that est. one man one vote. this decision created guidelines for drawing up congressional districts and guaranteed a more equitable system of representation to the citizens of each state (14th amendment/equal protection clause)

banned formal prayer in schools, government would not make any religion the 'official' religion. separates church and state (1st amendment/establishment clause)

A person who cannot afford an attorney may have one appointed by the government (6th amendment/right to counsel, 5th amendment/rights of the accused)

Students have the right to symbolic speech at school as long as it is not disruptive (1st amendment/speech)

Bolstered the freedom of the press, establishing a "heavy presumption against prior restraint" even in cases involving national security (1st amendment/speech/press)

Amish do not have to attend school after 8th grade - right to freedom of religion (1st amendment/free exercise clause)

The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester. (9th amendment/right to privacy)

No racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts. (14th amendment/equal protection clause)

Congress had exceeded its commerce clause power by prohibiting guns in a school zone (commerce clause)

The Court held that the right of an individual to "keep and bear arms" protected by the 2nd Amendment is incorporated by the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment and applies to the states. The decision cleared up the uncertainty left in the wake of District of Columbia v. Heller as to the scope of gun rights in regard to the states. (2nd amendment)

A 2010 landmark Supreme Court case that ruled that individuals, corporations, and unions could donate unlimited amounts of money to groups that make independent political expenditures. (1st amendment/speech)