The American political culture includes all of the following ideals except
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economic equality
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"Unalienable rights"
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belong to individuals and cannot be denied by government
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Cultural beliefs are said to be "mythic ideas," which means that they are
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perverted images of reality, as in the case of totalitarianism
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Conflict in the practice of America's ideals occurs because these ideals
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are general principles, not precise rules, conflict somewhat with one another, and are only one of the many sources of political action
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Thomas Jefferson believed that his greatest accomplishment was
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the creation of the University of Virginia
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Which of the following is TRUE of the US?
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The US spends less on social welfare per capita than other industrialized democracies, has more hungry, homeless, and poor people in relative and absolute terms, and it emphasizes individualism more than other industrialized democracies
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The principle of self-government emphasizes majority rule whereas the principle of liberty emphasizes individual rights. These principles
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are not fully consistent with each other
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Political conflict is rooted in which two general conditions of society?
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opposing values and scarcity of resources
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The play of politics takes place according to rules that the participants agree to accept. In the American case, the rules of the game include all of the following, except
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coercive power
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In a Constitutional System
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citizens have basic rights which government cannot deny
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The US economic system is best described as a
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"mixed" economic system blending aspects of capitalism and socialism
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The statement "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal" can be found in the
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Declaration of Independence
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Which is true?
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Americans are one people with a common vision and have often questioned their basic democratic principles
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The process that determines how a society will be governed refers to
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politics
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The fact that Americans believe in self-sufficiency and material accumulation reflects their belief in
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individualism
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Compared to the US, college admission in the democracies of Europe is
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significantly more restrictive
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The treatment of Chinese immigrants by the American Congress from 1892 to 1965 shows that
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neither equality has always been an American birthright nor has American realities been mirrored in its ideals
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The American system of checks and balances actually
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strengthens the power of the executive branch over the legislative branch
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A major criticism of the theory of pluralism is that
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only a small number of powerful groups are well organized and highly influential on policy makers
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America's pluralism stems from
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its geographical, economic, and religious diversity
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Politics is a process that includes
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conflict, consensus and competition, and cooperation
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A key feature of governmental authority is its
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degree of coerciveness
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A major difference between socialism and capitalism is that former
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stresses governmental ownership of the means of production
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The method of operation of the Federal Reserve Board would best support the theory of
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elitism
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The leading proponent of the theory of bureaucratic rule was
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Max Weber
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_________ is the ability of persons or institutions to control policy.
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Power
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The Greek words "demos" and "kratis" together mean
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the people rule
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The most important question involving a democracy is
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What is the relationship of people to their government?
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The concept of majoritarianism means that
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the majority determines public policy
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One fear about majority rule in a democracy is that it could lead to
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tyranny through suppression of the minority
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Which of the following is not a rule of American Politics?
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democracy
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The idea that government should be restricted in its lawful uses of power and hence in its ability to deprive people of their liberty is expressed by the term
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limited government
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Early Americans' preference for limited government was strengthened by
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Britain's Glorious Revolution, Lockean philosophy, and the colonial experience
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The American colonists based their right to revolt against Britain's authority on the claim that
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their rights as British subjects had been violated
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Through the grants of power in the Constitution, the Framers sought to
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both empower government and limit it
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The principle of checks and balances is based on the notion that
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power must be used to offset power
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The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution
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none of the above
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Marbury v. Madison is a landmark Supreme Court decision because it
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set the precedent for judicial review
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The traditional objection to democratic government is the risk of
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tyranny of the majority
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The writers of the Constitution used the term ________ to describe the form of government in which power resides in the people but is exercised through representative institutions
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republic
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The Framers entrusted the selection of US Senators to
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state legislatures
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The first plan of government for the US was a
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confederation
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Progressive reforms included
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primary elections, direct election of US senators, and the initiative and referendum
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The Articles of Confederation provided for
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a national Congress, each state having one vote, and unanimous approval by the states to amend the Articles.
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The Constitution forbids Congress from
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passing ex post facto laws
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Congress's greatest checks on executive actions lie with its
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power to hold hearings
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The Constitution was ratified by
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state conventions
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The document explaining the ideas of the Constitution and urging ratification is the
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federalist papers
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Presidents are
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directly selected by the Electoral College
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Which of the following is an example of checks and balances?
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the veto, the impeachment process, approval of treaties
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Judicial review is the power of the American courts to
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declare a law unconstitutional
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A constitutional democracy
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provides for majority influence in elections, protect minority rights, and operates under the rule of law
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The division of powers between the national and state governments by the Constitution is
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federalism
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The Great Compromise produced
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a bicameral Congress
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The framers of the Constitution preferred which of the following political arrangements?
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a republic as opposed to a pure democracy
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The principle of checks and balances in the US system of government
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allows the majority's will to work through representative institutions but places checks on the power of those institutions
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Viewed in historical terms, federalism has been a
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pragmatic principle, in that the relationship between the nation and the states has adapted to the needs of the time
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Which of the following are arguments in favor of federalism?
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Federalism will protect liberty, force officials to be responsive to the people, and provide for a strong national government
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States may by the Constitution
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provide for law and order
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Sovereignty refers to
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ultimate governing authority
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The tenth amendment addressed the concerns of Antifederalists about
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the powers of state governments
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Which of the following is most closely related to the concept of implied powers?
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"necessary and proper" clause
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According to the Antifederalists, too strong of a national government meant
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eventual encroachment upon the sovereignty of the states
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McCulloch v. Maryland was decisive because it
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affirmed that national law is supreme to conflicting state law
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From 1789 to 1865, the most significant issue of federalism was
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whether the states would accept the lawful authority of the national government
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According to the Dred Scott Decision, slaves were
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property, beings of an inferior order, and not full American citizens
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Dual federalism held that a
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precise separation of national and state authority was both possible and desirable
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Fiscal federalism refers to the
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expenditure of federal funds on programs run in part through state and local governments
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Federal grants-in-aid used only for specific projects are called
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categorical grants
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The "elastic clause" is most logically related to which of the following?
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implied powers
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Devolution is
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the passing of authority from the national government to the state and local levels
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The federal government's power to tax, regulate commerce among the states, and to declare was are all examples of ________ powers.
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enumerated
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The nullification doctrine is most closely associated with
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John C. Calhoun
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The "separate but equal" standard was created by
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the Supreme Court
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Political conservatives who favor more political power devolved back to the states prefer
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block grants
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Which choice below describes the American change in governmental structure in 1787?
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confederacy to federal
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The concurrent powers of government include
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law enforcement
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Which government in the American federal system has superior taxing and borrowing capacity?
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the national government
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Which of the following federal grants is the most restrictive for the recipient?
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categorical grant
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Which of the following is NOT and enumerated power?
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public education
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The Constitution allows states to
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govern intrastate commerce
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