8 Traits Of State-level Societies

Achieved status: -Social influence acquired through personal effort -all societies Ascribed status: -Social influence granted to an individual as a matter of birth -unique to complex societies -class structured society -differential access to resources

> 5,000 cities -organized -non-agricultural activities -crops grown elsewhere

redistribution: surpluses brought to city

-Leaders, religious specialists, artisans, farmers, etc.

-Central place where decisions are made -Hierarchy of sites -Elite control of power/wealth (supported by ideologies)

-All societies -Controlled by elites in state level societies

-Pyramids, Temples, Mounds, Palaces

-Writing -Quipu(?) -Writing is not equal to literacy -mark end of prehistory