Volcanoes And Igneous Rocks

24 July 2022
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25 test answers

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question
What two gases are the most abundant gases emitted during basaltic volcanism?
answer
Water and carbon dioxide
question
Which one of the following statements concerning volcanic blocks and bombs is true?
answer
Blocks are ejected as solid fragments; bombs are ejected as magma lumps.
question
__________ destroyed the city of St. Pierre, Martinique in 1902.
answer
Nueรฉ ardente
question
In 1980, __________ was the first Cascade Range volcano to erupt since Mt. Lassen, California, in 1915-16.
answer
Mt. St. Helens
question
What fate befell the "Lost City of Atlantis" mentioned in Plato's writings?
answer
It disappeared as part of caldera collapse following a major, explosive, volcanic eruption.
question
Which volcanoes are sometimes very large, with a gently sloping mound composed mainly of lava flows?
answer
Shield
question
Which type of basaltic lava flow has its surface covered with sharp-edged, angular blocks and rubble?
answer
A'a
question
What type of volcanoes are Kilauea and Mauna Loa in Hawaii?
answer
Basaltic shield volcanoes
question
Which kind of volcanism is typical of mid-oceanic ridge systems?
answer
Submarine; basaltic lava flows
question
Which one of the following shows the correct order from left to right of decreasing magmatic viscosity?
answer
Rhyolite, andesite, basalt
question
Which region has the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes?
answer
The circum-Pacific area or "Ring of Fire"
question
What volcanic events formed Crater Lake, Oregon? When did they take place?
answer
Caldera collapse followed by major ash and pyroclastic-flow eruptions; 7000 years ago.
question
Which ocean basin is rimmed by the most subduction zones?
answer
Pacific
question
What is the most common volatile constituent in both magmas and volcanic gases?
answer
Water
question
Which of the following statements best describes the Hawaiian volcanoes?
answer
The Hawaiian volcanoes are situated in the interior of a Pacific plate above a hot spot deep in the mantle.
question
Which one of the following statements concerning cinder cones is false?
answer
Cinders and other pyroclastic particles can be consolidated into welded tuff.
question
What type of magma typically comprises stratovolcanoes?
answer
Andesitic
question
Which type of basaltic lava flow has a fairly smooth, unfragmented, ropy surface?
answer
Pahoehoe
question
To what is the geologically recent volcanic activity in Yellowstone National Park usually attributed?
answer
Yellowstone volcanism is usually attributed to intraplate (meaning "within the plate"), hot spot volcanism.
question
What is the largest known volcano in the solar system?
answer
Olympus Mons, Mars
question
What type of magma is the most abundant at oceanic-spreading centers?
answer
Basaltic
question
Which one of the following best describes volcanism of the Cascade Range in the northwestern United States?
answer
The volcanism is related to plate subduction.
question
How do volcanic bombs originate?
answer
As erupted magma blobs that partly congeal before falling to the ground
question
What shape is Mt. St. Helens?
answer
An explosive stratovolcano
question
Why would a plume of solid silicate rock rising slowly from deep in the mantle begin melting as it neared the base of the lithosphere?
answer
Melting temperatures drop because the pressure is lowered.