Ch. 5 Reading Quiz

(Q001) A lahar is 1. a glowing cloud of pyroclastic fragments and hot gas. 2. a lava lake in a summit crater. 3. a collapsed volcanic structure. 4. a volcanic mudflow that resembles fluid concrete.

(Q002) Which of the following is a form of lava? 1. tuff 2. ash 3. pillow 4. lapilli

(Q004) Which of the following creates the vesicles seen in this image? 1. volatiles that escape from lava to form gas during an eruption 2. slow cooling within the magma chamber in the presence of water 3. high silica content in the lava 4. rapid cooling of a lava flow by water

(Q003) Lava is 1. always produced during any volcanic activity. 2. molten rock that cools and hardens on the Earth's surface. 3. all of the same chemical composition, whether it is rhyolite or basalt. 4. the most life-threatening volcanic product of any eruption.

(Q007) Volcanic ash is 1. billowing smoke from burning magma. 2. made of accretionary lapilli. 3. small shards of glass. 4. typically associated with basaltic volcanic eruptions.

(Q006) Which statement(s) describes glowing, hot, avalanche-like flows of tephra? 1. They are associated with basaltic volcanoes. 2. They are called pyroclastic flows, or nuée ardente. 3. all of the possible answers are correct. 4. They are associated with shield volcanoes.

(Q005) This image shows an example of 1. a pahoehoe flow. 2. an a'a' flow. 3. columnar jointing. 4. volcanic blocks.

(Q010) Low-viscosity lava 1. could logically build a composite volcano. 2. indicates an area that has high potential for explosive eruptions. 3. is most often a cool-temperature lava. 4. has low silica content.

(Q008) Mt. Vesuvius erupted in a very violent explosion in 79 C.E. and buried the residents of Pompeii in ash. On the basis of this information, which of the following would you LEAST expect to find at Vesuvius? 1. basaltic lava 2. lapilli (cinders) 3. rhyolite lava 4. ignimbrite

(Q014) The eruption of Mt. St. Helens in 1980 1. occurred without warning, killing 60 people. 2. was triggered by a landslide on its northern flank. 3. produced lava flows that traveled at the speed of sound and flattened forests. 4. was the largest volcanic eruption ever recorded.

(Q009) Rhyolite lava 1. has less silica than basalt lava. 2. tends to erupt explosively. 3. may flow for many tens or hundreds of kilometers from a vent. 4. may form a lava fountain above the vent.

(Q011) A caldera forms by 1. the accumulation of tephra around a vent. 2. draining of a magma chamber beneath a volcano during an eruption. 3. flooding of rivers by lahars to produce a lake. 4. overflow of a lava lake.

(Q018) Which of these types of volcanic settings produced 70% of the Earth's surface? 1. mid-ocean ridge volcanoes 2. hot-spot volcanoes 3. large igneous provinces (LIPs) 4. flood basalts

(Q019) Lahars 1. occur only in arctic regions because snow supplies the water for mud. 2. are extremely rare. 3. are also called nuées ardentes. 4. have often resulted in damage and loss of life and property.

(Q013) What is true about volcanic activity in Yellowstone National Park? 1. The park has shield volcanoes. 2. The park contains a 72-km-diameter caldera that formed during an eruption 600,000 years ago. 3. Yellowstone is no longer active. 4. all of the possible answers are correct.

(Q012) What type of volcano is shown in the photo? 1. shield volcano 2. stratovolcano 3. cinder cone 4. caldera

(Q015) Plate tectonics theory explains why volcanic activity occurs where it does. Which example describes a geologic setting as it relates to its volcanic activity? 1. Yellowstone National Park is part of a continental volcanic arc. 2. The Aleutian Islands are a chain of inactive volcanoes that formed above a hot spot. 3. Iceland sits on an oceanic hot spot located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 3. Krakatau is part of an Indonesian continental rift.

(Q016) Which of the following volcanic areas is part of the Ring of Fire? 1. Iceland 2. Aleutians, Alaska 3. Hawaii 4. Krakatau, Indonesia

(Q017) Which of the following volcanic phenomena can be triggered by a volcanic eruption under ice (such as in Iceland)? 1. jökulhlaup 2. pillow basalt 3. lava dome and spine 4. lava tube

(Q020) According to the volcanic-hazard assessment map shown here, which of the following hazards associated with Mt. Rainier may affect areas farthest from the volcano? 1. lava flows 2. pyroclastic flows 3. lahars and pyroclastic flows 4. lahars, but only within river valleys

(Q021) Which of the following is considered a warning sign of imminent eruption? 1. decreased earthquake activity 2. change in heat flow from a volcano's surface 3. a period of quiescence in a volcano's activity 4. decreased gas emissions and hydrothermal activities

(Q022) Devils Tower, Wyoming, shown here, is 1. an active shield volcano. 2. a dormant stratovolcano. 3. an intrusion beneath a now-extinct volcano that has been completely eroded away. 4. a basaltic lava flow.

(Q023) The eruption of Mt. Tambora, Indonesia, in 1815 1. is the only known example of a volcanic eruption causing global cooling. 2. resulted in extremely high temperatures in the northern hemisphere during 1816. 3. produced "the year without a winter." 4. produced such dreary, cold weather that it inspired the writing of Frankenstein.

(Q024) Which of the following is responsible for the broad, dark areas of the Moon, known as the maria, pictured here? 1. flood basalts 2. hot-spot volcanism 3. arc volcanism 3. lahars

(Q025) Jupiter's moon Io is thought to be volcanically active because 1. it has plate tectonics similar to Earth. 2. its interior is entirely liquid. 3. of enormous tides that keep its mantle hot. 4. it is continually bombarded by meteors.