Urban Growth (pretest)

How do urban communities compare to rural communities? a. Rural communities produce more pollution than urban communities. b. Urban communities tend to have a higher population than rural communities. c. More people in the United States live in rural communities than in urban communities. d. Urban communities have less environmental impact than rural communities.

What causes the "heat island" effect? a. heat produced from a large number of people b. the materials used in building cities retain heat c. the large amount of reflected light from glass windows d. all of the above

Urban sprawl is a possible cause of deforestation.

Which of the following is not a negative consequence of upward urban growth? a. pollution b. creation of a "heat island" c. increased use of surrounding land d. waste management issues

Which of the following statements about rural communities is true? a. Rural communities can support any population size. b. More people in the United States live in rural communities than they did in 1900. c. Rural communities were built based on the location of available resources. d. People in developed countries are moving back to rural communities.

Which of the following is not a possible environmental consequence of urban sprawl? a. deforestation b. pollution c. loss of natural resources d. none of the above

The opening of which of the following has not contributed to the increase in Istanbul's population? a. universities and dormitories b. military divisions c. hotels d. prisons

What is the main cause of urban migration in the United States? a. Rural communities are no longer necessary. b. Urban dwelling provides better access to goods, services, and jobs. c. Urban communities reduce human impact on the environment. d. Rural communities are unable to support life in the long-term.

Upward growth of cities has no environmental impact.

Developing countries tend to have more people in urban areas than rural areas.

Upward growth usually occurs when ______. a. high-rise buildings are available b. spreading out is possible c. resource conservation is unimportant d. a limited amount of land is available

Which of the following is a stressful environmental condition found in degraded areas of New York City? a. The soils are more contaminated, compacted, and disturbed. b. There are too many essential organisms in the soil. c. Surrounding wetlands absorb water too quickly. d. Brownfields tend to be cooler and drier than other areas.

Pollution is a problem associated with urban sprawl, but not with upward growth.

Which of the following is a possible reason that urban sprawl is common even when it has a negative impact on the environment? a. extending outward causes more crowded conditions b. extending outward is more economical than extending upward c. extending outward creates less pollution d. all of the above

Developed countries typically have _______. a. a larger rural population b. a larger urban population c. less access to goods and services d. little access to industrial jobs