Tonkin Gulf Resolution

20 August 2022
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Tonkin Gulf Resolution
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Authority granted by congress to President Johnson in 1964 to approve and support in advance " The determination of the president as commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the U.S.
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Domino Theory
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the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control
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escalation
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policy of increasing military involvement in Vietnam
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Hawks
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those who supported the war
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doves
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Those who opposed the war
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Saigon
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Capital of South Vietnam, capture of this city marks the conclusion of the civil war in 1975
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Tet offensive
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1968; National Liberation Front and North Vietnamese forces launched a huge attack on the Vietnamese New Year (Tet), which was defeated after a month of fighting and many thousands of casualties; major defeat for communism, but Americans reacted sharply, with declining approval of LBJ and more anti-war sentiment
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wage-and-price freeze
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The 90-day freeze was unprecedented in peacetime, but such drastic measures were thought necessary. Also motivating the controls, on the same date that the controls were imposed, 15 August 1971, Nixon also suspended the convertibility of the dollar into gold, which was the beginning of the end of the Bretton Woods system of international currency management established after World War II.
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antiwar movement
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Influenced by the Vietnam War, it started under JFK and was intended to show american good intentions in foreign countries through humanitarian efforts.
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Vietnamization
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President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces
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Cambodia
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Country bordering Vietnam that Nixon had begun secret bombing raids
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Ho Chi Minh Trail
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a supply route used by the nirth vietnamese wich was a network of paths and tunnels that led from north vietnam through laos and cambodia and into south vietnam
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Kent state
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Ohio college where an anti-war protest got way out of hand, the Nat'l Guard was called in and killed 3 students (innocent & unarmed,wounded 9) in idiscriminate fire of M-1 rifles
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Jackson State
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Black Mississippi College, anti war demonstrators seize womens dorm, unprovoked state police open fire, kill 2 (innocent & unarmed, wound 12)
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strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
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two agreements signed in 1972 and 1979 between he united states and soviet union limiting the number of offensive nuclear missiles
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Detente
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relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China
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Hanoi
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capital of North Vietnam
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Six days' war
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a war between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. The Arab states of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria also contributed troops and arms.[15] At the war's end, Israel had gained control of the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. The results of the war affect the geopolitics of the region to this day.
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Arab oil Crisis
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1973; middle eastern countries of OPEC cut off all oil supplies in 1973 because US sent military to Israel in a war against some of those countries in OPEC
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Shuttle diplomacy
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In the 1970s, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger began an intensive campaign in which he moved back and forth from Israel to Egypt to Syria to try to reach a peace settlement
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Watergate affair
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The break-in of the Watergate hotel, in the Democratic National Headquarters in Washington DC where 5 men were caught bugging and stealing political documents in 1972. President Richard Nixon was accused of ordering his men to do it.
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executive Privilege
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An implied presiental power that allows the president to refuse to disclose imformation regarding confidential conversations or national security to congress or the judiciary
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Saturday Night Massacre
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dismissal of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus during the Watergate scandal 1973
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Twenty-fifth amendment
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1967 amendment to the constitution that establishes produers for filling presidenttial adn vide president vacancies
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Articles of Impeachment
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list of charges against the president in an impeachment proceeding