The protozoan that causes malaria is an intracellular parasite of red blood cells (RBCs). An adaptive immune response to this parasite is problematic because
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red blood cells do not produce MHC and therefore do not display the fact that they have been infected by presenting antigen
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Which of the following statements concerning B cell receptors (BCRs) is FALSE
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They are formed in response to an encounter with an antigen.
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Which of the following statements regarding antibody function is FALSE?
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They can penetrate host cells to bind intracellular antigens.
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Which of the following function in agglutination?
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IgA and IgG antibodies
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What type of immunity is produced by the body when a person gets a disease?
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naturally acquired active immunity
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Secretory IgA and the IgA in the blood have the same chemical composition.
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f
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IgA antibodies are best described as
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the antibody found in body secretions.
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Which of the following best describes IgM antibodies?
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most common type of antibody in the blood during the initial phases of an immune response
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The humoral immune response is attributed to the action of
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B lymphocytes.
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Which of the following statements concerning specific immunity is FALSE?
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It changes little with repeated exposure to the same pathogen.
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The major histocompatibility antigens are coded for by genes on which chromosome number?
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6
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The Fc portion of an antibody is formed by
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the lower portions of the heavy chains.
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Which of the following statements concerning plasma cells is FALSE?
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They live a long time and function as memory cells
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When a T cell's CD95L binds to the CD95 on a target cell, antibodies are formed.
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f
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Which of the following statements concerning B cell receptors (BCRs) is FALSE?
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They are formed in response to an encounter with an antigen.
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You step on something in the yard and get a puncture wound that does not bleed freely. Antigens from any microbes that entered the wound will most likely end up in the
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lymph nodes of the groin.
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Which of the following best describes IgG antibodies?
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complement activation
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Secretory IgA antibodies are unique because they
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are connected with J chains and short polypeptides to form dimers.
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The immunological synapse refers to the
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interaction between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell to produce a specialized contact area for communication between these cells.
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Which of the following statements about lymphocytes is FALSE?
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B and T lymphocytes can be differentiated under the microscope.
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Which of the following is the function of growth factors?
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ensure production of enough leukocytes
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Molecules with a molecular mass less than 5000 daltons can become antigens when they bind to carrier molecules.
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t
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Which of the following statements about helper T cells is FALSE?
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They cannot be distinguished from other T lymphocytes.
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During an infection with Listeria, an intracellular parasite, APCs will present antigen on MHC II molecules.
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f
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Cytokines are soluble regulatory proteins that act as intercellular signals and include substances such as interleukins, interferon, and growth factors.
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t
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Which of the following is NOT included in the MALT?
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the spleen
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Class II MHC (major histocompatibility antigens) are found on
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professional antigen-presenting cells.
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Which of the following statements about T lymphocytes is FALSE?
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There are fewer types of T cell receptors than B cell receptors, and therefore the T lymphocyte cannot react with as many types of antigens.
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Antigens are
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specific molecules, or parts of molecules, that the body recognizes as foreign.
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Which of the following is associated with interleukin 4 (IL-4)?
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B lymphocyte activation and differentiation
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Which of the following is the function of gamma interferon (INF-Ξ³)?
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stimulates phagocytes
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Which of the following produces an exogenous antigen?
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a bacterium outside a cell
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The MALT lacks the tough outer capsule of a lymph node but functions in the same way
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t
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IgG is the most common class of antibodies in the blood.
answer
t
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A sick child may have influenza or RSV. These virus infections have different treatment options, so the physician requests antibody titer tests. The results are as follows: anti-influenza antibodies are primarily IgM, and anti-RSV antibodies are all IgA and IgG. Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation?
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the child currently has influenza and has previously been exposed to RSV
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Which of the following recognizes and binds to MHC II antigens and helps stabilize the binding of antigenic determinants to T cell receptors?
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CD4
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The perforin-granzyme pathway involves
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the synthesis of special cell-killing proteins that act on infected or abnormal cells.
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Under normal situations, the lymphocytes do not develop an immune response against autoantigens because
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lymphocytes that bind to autoantigens undergo apoptosis
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Which of the following statements regarding the cell-mediated immune response is true?
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A single cytotoxic T lymphocyte can kill many target cells
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Large molecules such as polymers make good antigens.
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f
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Which of the following statements concerning the chemical structure of an antibody is FALSE?
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The heavy and light chains are connected by hydrogen bonds
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IgG antibodies have a variety of mechanisms for acting on antigens.
answer
t
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single B lymphocyte can recognize multiple antigenic determinants.
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f
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Enhanced immune responses to subsequent exposures to an antigen to which the body has already been exposed are known as
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memory responses
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Which of the following cytokines act as a signal between leukocytes
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interleukins
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Which of the following best describes IgM antibodies?
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most common type of antibody in the blood during the initial phases of an immune response
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Major histocompatibility antigens are
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glycoproteins found in the cytoplasmic membranes of most vertebrate animal cells.
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Large accumulations of young self-tolerant lymphocytes conducting surveillance for specific antigenic determinants are found in
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the MALT and lymph nodes
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