What do accountants commonly do when the connection between an expense and the corresponding revenue is vague?
Multiple Choice
Accelerate revenue recognition and delay expense recognition.
Match the expense with the period in which it is incurred.
Recognize the expense at the time payment is made.
Delay expense recognition until it can be matched with revenue.
answer
Match the expense with the period in which it is incurred.
Explanation
When the connection between an expense and the corresponding revenue is vague, accountants commonly match the expense with the period in which it is incurred.
question
Which of the following adjustments would not be described as an accrual?
Recording interest that has been earned but will not be collected until the next accounting period
Recording operating expenses that have been incurred but not paid as of the end of the accounting period
Recording salary expense that has been incurred but not paid as of the end of the accounting period
Recording insurance expense relating to insurance premiums that were paid in advance
answer
Recording insurance expense relating to insurance premiums that were paid in advance
question
How would a payment for rent paid in advance be classified?
Multiple Choice
Asset source transaction
Asset use transaction
Asset exchange transaction
Claims exchange transaction
answer
Asset exchange transaction
Explanation
Purchasing prepaid rent increases one asset (prepaid rent) and decreases another asset (cash). Therefore, it is classified as an asset exchange transaction.
question
Which of the following types of accounts is closed at the end of an accounting cycle?
Multiple Choice
Dividends
Common stock
Assets
Liabilities
answer
Dividends
Explanation
Revenues, expenses and dividends are closed to retained earnings at the end of an accounting cycle.
question
Which of the following are "matched" under the matching concept?
Multiple Choice
Expenses and revenues
Expenses and liabilities
Assets and equity
Assets and liabilities
answer
Expenses and revenues
Explanation
The matching concept refers to the matching of expenses to the revenues that those expenses produce.
question
Which of the following is frequently used to describe the expenses that are matched in the same accounting period in which they are incurred?
Multiple Choice
Market expenses
Matching expenses
Period costs
Working costs
answer
Period Costs
Explanation
When the connection between and expense and the corresponding revenue is vague, accountants commonly match the expense with the period in which it is incurred. Those expenses are frequently called period costs.
question
Which of the following correctly states the proper order of the steps in the accounting cycle?
Multiple Choice
Record transactions, adjust accounts, close temporary accounts, prepare statements
Adjust accounts, record transactions, close temporary accounts, prepare statements
Record transactions, adjust accounts, prepare statements, close temporary accounts
Adjust accounts, prepare statements, record transactions, close temporary accounts
answer
Record transactions, adjust accounts, prepare statements, close temporary accounts
Explanation
In the accounting cycle, a company records transactions throughout the accounting period, then adjusts accounts at the end of the period. Next, the company prepares financial statements, and finally, it closes temporary accounts in order to begin the next accounting period. If accounts were closed prior to preparing statements, the income statement accounts would have zero balances on the income statement.
question
Which of the following accounts would not appear on a balance sheet?
Multiple Choice
Service Revenue
Salaries Payable
Unearned Revenue
Interest Payable
answer
Service Revenue
Explanation
Service Revenue and Interest Expense are income statement accounts and, as such, they do not appear on the balance sheet. Unearned Revenue, despite having the word "revenue" in its title, is a liability account that appears on the balance sheet, as does Salaries Payable.
question
Revenue on account amounted to $5,000. Cash collections of accounts receivable amounted to $2,300. Expenses for the period were $2,100. The company paid dividends of $450. What was net income for the period?
Multiple Choice
$1,200
$2,900
$2,850
$2,450
answer
$2,900
Explanation
Net income = Revenue of $5,000 - Expenses of $2,100 = $2,900; dividends decrease retained earnings but do not affect net income.
question
Which of the following types of accounts is not closed at the end of an accounting cycle?
Multiple Choice
Revenues
Retained earnings
Dividends
Expenses
answer
Retained earnings
Explanation
Revenues, expenses and dividends are closed to retained earnings at the end of an accounting cycle. Retained earnings is a permanent account that is reported on the balance sheet.
question
Which of the following would be included in the cash flow from operating activities section of the statement of cash flows?
Multiple Choice
Accrual of salary expense at year-end.
Purchase of equipment for cash.
Payments of cash dividends to the owners of the business.
Cash paid for interest on a note payable.
answer
Cash paid for interest on a note payable.
Explanation
Paying or receiving interest is considered an operating activity. Accruing salary expense is not a cash flow. Paying dividends is a financing activity, and purchasing equipment is an investing activity.
question
Which of the following statements best describes the balance in a revenue account at the beginning of an accounting period?
Multiple Choice
Zero
Last period's ending balance
Higher than the previous period's beginning balance
Equal to the amount of retained earnings for the previous period
answer
Zero
Explanation
The temporary accounts (that is, revenue, expense, and dividends) are closed prior to the start of the next accounting cycle. After closing, these accounts have zero balances and are ready to capture the revenue, expense, and dividend information for the next annual accounting period.
question
Revenue on account amounted to $9,000. Cash collections of accounts receivable amounted to $8,100. Cash paid for operating expenses was $7,500. The amount of employee salaries accrued at the end of the year was $900. What was the net cash flow from operating activities?
Multiple Choice
$900
$600
$1,500
$8,700
answer
$600
Explanation
Cash collected on accounts receivable of $8,100 β Cash paid for operating expenses of $7,500 = $600. Revenue earned on account and accrued salaries are not cash flow activities.
question
On January 1, Year 2, the Supplies account of Sheldon Company had a balance of $1,200. During the year, the company purchased $3,400 of supplies on account and made partial payments totaling $3,000 on those accounts. On December 31, Year 2, Sheldon determined that there were $1,400 of supplies on hand. Which of the following would be reported on Sheldon's Year 2 financial statements?
Multiple Choice
$1,600 of supplies; $200 of supplies expense
$1,400 of supplies; $2,000 of supplies expense
$1,400 of supplies; $3,200 of supplies expense
$1,600 of supplies; $3,400 of supplies expense
answer
$1,400 of supplies; $3,200 of supplies expense
Explanation
Supplies = Amount on hand at end of year of $1,400
Supplies expense = Beginning balance of Supplies account of $1,400 of supplies on hand is the supplies asset on the balance sheet; $1,200 beginning balance + $3,400 of + Supplies purchased of $3,400 - Ending balance of Supplies account of $1,400 ending balance = $3,200
question
Rushmore Company provided services for $45,000 cash during Year 1. Rushmore incurred $36,000 of operating expenses on account during Year 1, and by the end of the year, $9,000 of that amount had been paid with cash. If these are the only accounting events that affected Rushmore during Year 1, which of the following statements is true?
Multiple Choice
The amount of net loss shown on the income statement is $9,000.
The amount of net income shown on the income statement is $27,000.
The amount of net income shown on the income statement is $9,000.
The amount of net cash flow from operating activities shown on the statement of cash flows is $18,000.
answer
The amount of net income shown on the income statement is $9,000.
Explanation
Net income = Revenue of $45,000 - Operating expenses of $36,000 = $9,000Net cash flow from operating activities = Cash collections of $45,000 - Cash payments for operating expenses of $9,000 = $36,000
question
On December 31, Year 1, Gaskins Co. owed $4,500 in salaries to employees who had worked during December but will not be paid until January, Year 2. If the year-end adjustment is properly recorded on December 31, Year 1, what will be the effect of this accrual on net income and cash flows from operating activities reported for Year 1?
Multiple Choice
No effect on net income; no effect on cash flow from operating activities
Decrease in net income; no effect on cash flow from operating activities
Increase in net income; decrease in cash flow from operating activities
No effect on net income; decrease in cash flow from operating activities
answer
Decrease in net income; no effect on cash flow from operating activities
Explanation
Recording the adjusting entry will increase salaries expense, which will reduce net income and it will increase salaries payable, a liability. It will not affect cash flows.
question
Which of the following is a claims exchange transaction?
Multiple Choice
Recognized revenue earned on a contract where the cash had been collected at an earlier date
Issued common stock
Invested cash in an interest earning account
Purchased machine for cash
answer
Recognized revenue earned on a contract where the cash had been collected at an earlier date
Explanation
Recognizing revenue earned on a contract where the cash had been collected at an earlier date is a claims exchange transaction that decreases liabilities (unearned revenue) and increases equity (revenue increases retained earnings). Purchasing a machine for cash and investing in an interest earning account are asset exchange transactions. Issuing common stock is an asset source transaction.
question
Warren Enterprises began operations during Year 1. The company had the following events during Year 1:
The business issued $40,000 of common stock to its stockholders.
The business purchased land for $24,000 cash.
Services were provided to customers for $32,000 cash.
Services were provided to customers for $10,000 on account.
The company borrowed $32,000 from the bank.
Operating expenses of $24,000 were incurred and paid in cash.
Salary expense of $1,600 was accrued.
A dividend of $8,000 was paid to the stockholders of Warren Enterprises.
After closing, what is the balance of the Retained Earnings account as of December 31, Year 1?
Multiple Choice
$10,000
$8,400
$16,400
$42,000
answer
$8,400
Explanation
Net income = Revenues of $42,000 - Operating expenses of $25,600 = $16,400Ending retained earnings - Beginning retained earnings of $0 + Net income of 16,400 - Dividends of $8,000 = $8,400
question
Mize Company provided $45,500 of services on account, and collected $38,000 from customers during the year. The company also incurred $37,000 of expenses on account, and paid $32,400 against its payables. How do these events impact the elements of the financial statements model?
Multiple Choice
Total assets would increase.
Total liabilities would increase.
Total equity would increase.
All of these answer choices are correct.
answer
All of these answer choices are correct.
Change in total assets = Increase in accounts receivable because of services provided on account of $45,500 - Decrease in account receivable because of collections on account of $32,400 = $13,100 increase Change in total liabilities = Increase in accounts payable because of expenses incurred on account $37,000 - Decrease in accounts payable because of payments on account of $32,400 = $4,600 increase Change in equity = Increase in retained earnings (revenue) of $45,500 - Decrease in retained earnings (expenses) of $37,000 = $8,500 increase
question
Which of the following would cause net income on the accrual basis to be different from (either higher or lower than) "cash provided by operating activities" on the statement of cash flows?
Multiple Choice
Purchased land for cash
Purchased supplies for cash
Paid advertising expense
Paid dividends to stockholderx
answer
Purchased supplies for cash
Explanation:
Purchasing supplies for cash is a cash outflow for operating activities, but will not be reported as an expense until the supplies are used. Purchasing land is a cash outflow for investing activities and does not affect net income. Paying utilities expense causes equal decreases in net income and cash flows from operating activities. Paying dividends to stockholders is a cash outflow for financing activities and does not affect net income.
question
Bledsoe Company acquired $17,000 cash by issuing common stock on January 1, Year 1. During Year 1, Bledsoe earned $8,500 of revenue on account. The company collected $6,000 cash from customers in partial settlement of its accounts receivable and paid $5,400 cash for operating expenses. Based on this information alone, what was the impact on total assets during Year 1?
Multiple Choice
Total assets increased by $20,100.
Total assets increased by $600.
Total assets increased by $26,100.
Total assets did not change.
Which of the following is an asset source transaction?
Multiple Choice
Issued common stock
Paid a cash dividend to stockholders
Collected cash from customers in settlement of accounts receivable
Accrued salary expense
answer
Issued common stock
Explanation
An asset source is a transaction that increases an asset plus increases a claim on assets
Issuing common stock is an asset source transaction that increases assets (cash) and increases equity (common stock). Paying a cash dividend is an asset use transaction, receiving a payment on accounts receivable is an asset exchange transaction, and accruing salary expense is a claims exchange transaction.
question
Which of the following events involves a deferral?
Multiple Choice
Recording interest that has been earned but not received.
Recording revenue that has been earned but not yet collected in cash.
Recording supplies that have been purchased with cash but not yet used.
Recording salaries owed to employees at the end of the year that will be paid during the following year.
answer
Recording supplies that have been purchased with cash but not yet used.
Explanation
A deferral, in accrual accounting, is any account where the asset or liability is not realized until a future date,
Recording the purchase of supplies constitutes a deferral because it involves the payment of cash before an expense (in this case, supplies expense) is recognized.
question
If a company provides services to clients but has not yet collected any cash, how should that transaction be classified?
Multiple Choice
Claims exchange transaction
Asset use transaction
Asset source transaction
Asset exchange transaction
answer
Asset source transaction
Explanation
This transaction increases assets (accounts receivable) and increases equity (revenue increases retained earnings), and is therefore classified as an asset source transaction.
question
How does the adjusting entry to recognize the portion of the unearned revenue that a company earned during the accounting period affect the elements of the financial statements?
Multiple Choice
An increase in assets and a decrease in liabilities
An increase in liabilities and a decrease in equity
A decrease in liabilities and an increase in equity
A decrease in assets and a decrease in liabilities
answer
A decrease in liabilities and an increase in equity
Explanation
Recognizing the portion of the unearned revenue that a company earned during the accounting period involves a decrease in liabilities (unearned revenue) and an increase in equity (retained earnings as a result of revenue).
question
If retained earnings decreased during the year, and no dividends were paid, which of the following statements must be true?
Multiple Choice
Expenses for the year exceeded revenues.
The company did not have enough cash to pay its expenses.
Total equity decreased.
Liabilities increased during the year.
answer
Expenses for the year exceeded revenues.
Explanation
If retained earnings decreased and no dividends were paid, the company must have reported a net loss. A net loss would have been the result if expenses for the year exceeded revenues.
question
Which of the following events would not require a year-end adjusting entry?
Multiple Choice
Purchasing supplies for cash during the year
Paying for one year's rent during the year
Providing services on account during the year
Each of these events would require a year-end adjusting entry.
answer
Providing services on account during the year
Explanation
Providing services on account does not require an adjusting entry at the end of the accounting period. Accounts receivable is increased when services are provided on account and is decreased when payment is received from customers. Supplies and prepaid rent both require year-end adjusting entries to recognize expense.
question
On October 1, Year 1, Jason Company paid $7,200 to lease office space for one year beginning immediately. What is the amount of rent expense that will be reported on the Year 1 income statement and what is the cash outflow for rent that would be reported on the Year 1 statement of cash flows?
Multiple Choice
$7,200; $7,200
$1,800; $1,800
$1,800; $7,200
$1,200; $7,200
answer
$1,800; $7,200
Explanation
Monthly rent expense = Payment of $7,200 Γ· 12 months = $600 per monthRent expense (on the income statement) = $600 per month Γ 3 months = $1,800The $7,200 payment is the cash outflow for rent that will be reported on the statement of cash flows.
question
Recognition of revenue may be accompanied by which of the following?
Multiple Choice
A decrease in a liability
An increase in a liability
An increase in an asset
An increase in an asset or a decrease in a liability
answer
An increase in an asset or a decrease in a liability
Explanation
Recognizing revenue may be accompanied by either an increase in assets (cash or accounts receivable) or a decrease in liabilities (unearned revenue).
question
Which of the following is an asset use transaction?
Multiple Choice
Purchased machine for cash
Recorded insurance expense at the end of the period
Invested cash in an interest earning account
Accrued salary expense at the end of the period
answer
Recorded insurance expense at the end of the period
Explanation
Recording insurance expense at the end of the period is an asset use transaction that decreases assets (prepaid insurance) and decreases equity (insurance expense decreases retained earnings). Purchasing a machine for cash and investing cash in an interest earning account are asset exchange transactions. Accruing salary expense is a claims exchange transaction.
question
Duluth Co. collected a $6,000 cash advance from a customer on November 1, Year 1 for services to be provided over a six-month period beginning on that date. If the year-end adjustment is properly recorded, what will be the effect of the adjusting entry on Duluth's Year 1 financial statements?
Multiple Choice
Increase assets and decrease liabilities
Increase assets and increase revenues
Decrease liabilities and increase revenues
No effect
answer
Decrease liabilities and increase revenues
Explanation
The adjusting entry to recognize revenue earned on the contract will increase revenues and decrease liabilities (unearned revenue).
question
The following account balances were drawn from the Year 1 financial statements of Grayson Company:
Cash$8,800 Accounts payable$2,500 Accounts receivable$3,000 Common stock ? Land$16,000 Retained earnings, Jan. 1$5,400 Revenue$19,000 Expenses$14,500
What is the balance of the Common Stock account?
Multiple Choice
$15,400
$19,900
$900
$20,800
What should an accountant do when there is no traceable connection between expenses and revenue?
Multiple Choice
Apply the matching concept
Design a system of internal control
Exercise judgment
Be as uniform as possible
answer
Exercise judgment
question
Which of the following statements is true regarding accrual accounting?
Multiple Choice
Revenue is recorded only when cash is collected.
Expenses are recorded when they are incurred.
Revenue is recorded in the period when it is earned.
Revenue is recorded in the period when it is earned and expenses are recorded when they are incurred.
answer
Revenue is recorded in the period when it is earned and expenses are recorded when they are incurred.
Explanation
Revenue is recognized when earned and expenses are recognized when incurred, regardless of when cash is exchanged.
question
Which of the following financial statements is impacted most significantly by the matching concept?
Multiple Choice
Balance sheet
Income statement
Statement of changes in stockholders' equity
Statement of cash flows
answer
Income statement
Explanation
The matching concept is an accounting principle of recognizing expenses in the same accounting period as the revenues they produce. Revenues and expenses are reported on the income statement.
question
Recognizing an expense may be accompanied by which of the following?
Multiple Choice
An increase in liabilities
A decrease in liabilities
A decrease in revenue
An increase in assets
answer
An increase in liabilities
Explanation
Recognizing an expense may be accompanied by an increase in liabilities (i.e. accounts payable, salaries payable) or a decrease in assets (i.e. cash, prepaid rent or insurance).
question
On September 1, Year 1, Gomez Company collected $9,000 in advance from a customer for services to be provided over a one-year period beginning on that date. How much revenue would Gomez Company report related to this contract on its income statement for the year ended December 31, Year 1? How much would the company report as net cash flows from operating activities for Year 1?
Multiple Choice
$3,000; $3,000
$9,000; $9,000
$3,000; $9,000
$0; $9,000
answer
$3,000; $9,000
Monthly revenue = Receipt of $9,000 Γ· 12 months = $750 per month Revenue (on the income statement) = $750 per month Γ 4 months (September through December) = $3,000. The company will recognize the $9,000 received as a cash inflow for operating activities in Year 1.
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