NUR CH 7

24 July 2022
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question
which process describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells
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metabolism
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a typical cell contains "powerhouses", which is another name for
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mitochondria
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a feature of catabolic reactions is that they
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involve the release of energy
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In the adult body, food energy not stored as fat or glycogen is lost as
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heat
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which statement defines a coenzyme
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An organic molecule required for the functioning of an enzyme
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which metabolic reaction occur when a cell uses energy
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ATP release a phosphate group and becomes ADP
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Glycolysis is the conversion of ____.
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glucose to pyruvate
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which of the following is the feature of aerobic metabolism
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energy is produced more slowly than in anaerobic metabolism
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An aerobic reaction is one that requires
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Oxygen
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the cori-cycle involves the interconversion of
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lactate and glucose
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what is a possible metabolic reaction in the cell
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lactate to pyruvate
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what is a possible fate of acetyl CoA
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synthesis of fatty acids
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Fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of
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acetyl CoA
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How many acetyl CoA molecules may be obtained from oxidation of an 16-carbon fatty acid?
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8
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An immediate consequence of a cellular deficiency of oxaloacetate is a slowing of
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the TCA cycle
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Where do the TCA cycle reactions take place?
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Inner compartment of the mitochondria
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After digestion and absorption, an amino acid not used to build protein will first be subjected to
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removal of its amino group
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which process lead to the production of urea
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oxidation of amino acid
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When energy-yielding nutrients are consumed in excess, which one(s) can lead to storage of fat?
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fat, carbohydrate and protein.
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If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the body's needs for glucose, what can be converted to glucose?
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amino acid
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In addition to energy, what are the principal end products of cellular oxidation of carbohydrates?
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water and carbon dioxide
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which of the following is a feature of the electron transport chain?
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it captures energy in the high-energy bonds of ATP
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what accounts of the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients
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fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds
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which of the following can be synthesized from all three energy-yielding nutrients
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acetyl CoA
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How does excess carbohydrate intake contribute to obesity?
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it spares oxidation of body fat and dietary fats
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what is the feature of the metabolism of surplus dietary fat
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excess fat is almost all stored
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During the first few days of a fast, what energy source provides about 90% of the glucose needed to fuel the body?
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protein
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Which dietary nutrient would most rapidly reverse a state of ketosis in a starving person?
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Carbohydrates
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which item is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while
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Ketones
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which of the following is a characteristic of the metabolism of specific macronutrient
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the rate of fate oxidation does not change when fat is eaten in excess