Mastering Biology Chapter 16

Which of the following is true of stem cells? They can differentiate to produce many different kinds of specialized cells. Their use is highly controversial. They can reproduce indefinitely in culture. They can be found in both embryonic and adult tissues.

If cells from a carrot are removed and placed in a culture medium, they can develop into a normal adult plant. This demonstrates that carrot cells _____.

What defect causes pituitary dwarfism?

What is genetic cloning?

True or false? The use of growth hormone isolated from cadavers was banned mainly because there were not enough cadavers to supply the hormone.

Which of the following statements best describes the function of reverse transcriptase?

Which of the following steps would be performed last when screening a cDNA library?

How can large quantities of protein be produced from a bacterial colony containing the gene of interest?

True or false? The term "sticky ends" refers to the overhanging ends on DNA that are generated by restriction enzymes, which can base pair with any DNA molecules that contain complementary sticky ends.

How do cells become differentiated?

Your brother has just purchased a new plastic model airplane. He places all the parts on the table in approximately the positions in which they will be located when the model is complete. His actions are analogous to which process in development?

Which of the following is most like the formation of twins?

Which of the following statements is true of embryonic stem cells?

All your cells contain proto-oncogenes, which can change into cancer-causing genes. Why do cells possess such potential time bombs?

How do master regulatory genes function in cell differentiation? The transcription factors they produce coordinately control related genes. They may produce proteins that stimulate production of more of the master regulatory gene. They produce proteins that act as transcription factors to produce proteins specific to the function of the particular cell type. They are often capable of changing some fully differentiated cells of different types into their particular cell type.