GEOL CONVERGENT

25 July 2022
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31 test answers

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question
Which feature would you expect to find associated with continental collisions?
answer
reverse faults
question
What type of tectonic activity led to the formation and uplift of the Andes on the western margin of the South American Plate?
answer
formation of a volcanic arc
question
The Ural Mountains were formed by the collision of which continents?
answer
Europe and Asia
question
Which mountain range, formed via continental convergence, developed just before the Appalachians of North America?
answer
Caledonian Mountains
question
Which mountainous range is not the result of continental collision?
answer
Cascades
question
What do geologists call small accreted crustal fragments that have a geologic history distinct from adjacent blocks?
answer
terranes
question
Which is not an example of a small crustal fragment that could collide with a continental landmass, forming mountainous topography?
answer
the British Isles
question
Which tectonic process has formed the mountain belts along the coasts of Alaska and British Columbia?
answer
Small crustal fragments have been accreted on the northwestern margin of the North American Plate.
question
When a terrane impacts the margin of a continental plate, what is the fate of the oceanic plate upon which the terrane has been traveling?
answer
The terrane cannot be subducted, which causes the oceanic plate on which it has been traveling to break off and continue downward beneath the continental crust.
question
As an island arc system collides with the edge of a continental landmass, which tectonic scenario would be the result?
answer
The island arc is peeled off the oceanic plate and a volcanic arc is produced by subduction.
question
Where does most terrane accretion occur?
answer
in association with a continental-oceanic subduction zone
question
Which of the following statements about terranes is most accurate?
answer
The margins of many continents have grown through the accretion of terranes.
question
What is a terrane?
answer
a slice of lithosphere that has been added to the margin of a continent during plate collision
question
What is the geologic term for folded rocks with the bend at the bottom?
answer
syncline
question
What are stromatolites?
answer
mats of blue-green algae that grew in mounds up from the sea floor
question
What does a turbidite sequence consist of?What does a turbidite sequence consist of?
answer
a blanket of sand overlain by a sheet of mud
question
What caused metamorphism to occur in the Blue Ridge District during the Alleghanian Orogeny?
answer
strong differential stress generated by compressional stress as rocks were thrust westward
question
When did Pangea begin to break into smaller fragments?
answer
180 million years ago
question
Which of the following orogenies helped to create the Appalachian Mountains?
answer
Taconic, Acadian, and Alleghanian
question
Which event marked the creation of the supercontinent Pangaea?
answer
The Iapetus Ocean closed during the Alleghanian Orogeny
question
Which of the following geographic provinces is the newest addition to the North American continent?
answer
Coastal Plain
question
Which mountain range marks the boundary between the Indian and Eurasian Plates?
answer
Himalayas
question
What kind of tectonic boundary is currently responsible for creating the Himalayas?
answer
Continent-Continent Convergent Boundary
question
What geologic features were created in the Eurasian Plate when India underthrust beneath it?
answer
thrust faults thicker continental crust
question
As India moves northward, China and Southeast Asia are being relocated to the east and southeast because of "escape tectonics." What feature is allowing them to "escape"?
answer
strike-slip faults
question
When the Indian Plate collided with Eurasian Plate, why didn't it subduct
answer
The Indian Plate is too buoyant. The Indian Plate is too thick.
question
Batholiths, such as those that make up the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California, form at great depth in the crust. How could they have been exposed at the surface?
answer
uplift and erosion
question
_____ is the principle that explains why materials uplift to a certain elevation
answer
Isostasy
question
Using what you know about isostasy, how would the crust behave if a large glacier were removed?
answer
The crust would move up in elevation
question
If the Rocky Mountains were eroded, what would happen to the roots of the mountains?
answer
the roots would rebound upward
question
How will melting permafrost in polar regions lead to a positive feedback loop?
answer
Methane will be released as the vegetation thaws