Ch 7

25 July 2022
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What is the relationship between the crust and the lithosphere
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All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere
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What is the relationship between the mantle and the lithosphere
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Some of the mantle is contained within a smaller layer called the lithosphere
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What is the relationship between the mantle and the asthenosphere
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All the asthenosphere is contained within a larger layer called the mantle
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What surface feature provides evidence for the location of hot spots
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Volcanoes with tectonic plates
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When will a hot spots volcano become extinct
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When the volcano is carried away from the hot spot by the tectonic plates
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What surface feature would you expect to form if both a hot spot and tectonic plate are stationary
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A single volcano
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What is convention
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A cycle of moving material formed by the rise of less dense material and sinking of denser material
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What accounts for most tectonic plate motion
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Forces at subduction zones
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What is the relationship between temperature and density
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In general warmer materials are less dense and colder material are denser
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Which of the following terms best characterizes upwelling in the asthenosphere
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Diffuse
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What is a plume
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A zone of upwelling material originating at the outer core mantle boundary
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What features at the surface provide evidence of plumes
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Hot spots
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How do plates move at divergent plates boundaries
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Plates move apart
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How do plates moves at convergent plate boundaries
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Plates moves towards one another
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How do plates move at transform plates boundaries
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Plates slide past one another
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In general where do earthquakes and volcanic eruption occurs
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Convergent plates boundaries and divergent plates boundaries
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What forms at divergent plates boundaries
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New oceanic lithosphere
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In general where do volcanoes form in subduction zones
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On the overriding plate away form the convergent boundary
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Why are volcanoes not found at transform boundaries
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Transform boundaries do not cause change to the pressure temperature or composition of the mantle
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The East African rift is a divergent plate boundary that is splitting the continent of African into two pieces what will eventually form around this divergent boundary
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An ocean
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Where are most modern divergent plate boundaries found
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At mid ocean ridges
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Where do most divergent boundaries originate
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Within continents
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Which type of faulting is associated with the development of new ocean floor
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Normal faulting
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What causes melting of material under divergent plate boundaries
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Decompression of rock
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When do new oceans form
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When a continent is broken apart by a divergent boundary
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Where are tectonic plates located
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At earths surface
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What are the three types of plates boundaries
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Divergent convergent and transform
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Which of the following statements about earthquakes with magnitude greater the 4.0 is most accurate
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Earthquakes with magnitude greater that 4.0 occur in a pattern than correlates with plate boundaries
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Which plates boundary is not associated with volcanic eruption
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Transform
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Which phenomenon can explain the presence of volcanoes in the middle of the Pacific Ocean
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Hot spots
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Which type of plate boundary is most closely associated with uplifting continental regions and mountains building
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Convergent boundaries
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Which of the following is a layer of the earth that is classified not by composition but by physical properties
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Asthenosphere
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Oceanic lithosphere contains oceanic crust and the
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Outermost part of the mantle beneath the oceanic crust
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How is the thickness of the lithosphere going to change as it moves away from a divergent plate boundary
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Lithosphere will thicken as more mantle is added
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What is the main material being subducted at an ocean continent convergent boundary
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Oceanic lithosphere
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What are two differences between oceanic crust and continental crust
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The continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust
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Name the correct order of rifting events
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Crystal upward , Rift Valley , linear Sean, ocean
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The gulf of Aden represents which part of the rifting sequence
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Linear sea
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Which feature connects the South American parana and African entedeka flood basalts
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Sea mount chains
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What sequence of rocks would you expect Rift Valley evolution to produce from oldest to youngest
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Volcanic rocks, clastic sedimentary rocks, deep sea sedimentary rocks
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Which type of tectonic boundary is the result of two tectonic plates colliding with each other
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Convergent boundary
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At a subduction zone where oceanic lithosphere meets continental lithosphere which would subduction and why
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The oceanic lithosphere would subduct because it has a higher density at 3.0 grams
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Why are volcanic chains associated with convergent boundaries plates
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Partial melting occurs due to subduction
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In a collision between two continental plates can a continental plate subduct why or why not
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Continental plates are too buoyant to subduct
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Which type of tectonic boundary is the result of two tectonic plates sliding past each other
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Transform boundary
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Which fault in Southern California was created by the sliding of the pacific plate past the North American plate
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San Andreas fault
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Which of the following statements is a part of the continental drift hypothesis
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The continents of Pugh America and Africa for together like pieces of a puzzle , a single super continent consisting of all earths masses once existed
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How does the lithosphere differ from the asenthosphere
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The lithosphere is tends to break while the asthenosphere flows, the lithosphere overlies the asthenosphere
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Why are oceanic ridges more elevated than the rest of the sea floor
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Ridges are elevated because the rocks are hot
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Where does the lithospheric form
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A divergent plate boundary
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Which of the following locations is a modern day example of an active rift
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East Africa and the Red Sea
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Where would you expect to see deep ocean trenches
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Oceanic oceanic convergent boundaries
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Which of the following features is considered a destructive plate margin
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Subduction zone
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How are transform boundaries different from the other two types of plate boundaries
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Tectonic plates slide past each other
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What happens to the lithosphere at transform plate boundaries
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Lithosphere is neither destroyed nor created simply maintained or conserved
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What is a hot spot
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An area of volcanism by a mantle
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Which of the following process drive plates tectonic
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Subduction and convection
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Why were North American geologist so resistant to wegeners idea
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Scientists demanded an explanation on how it worked as
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What kind of plate motion is associated with the mountain range that goes around the world what is its name
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Divergent motion and mid ocean ridge