Ethics

According to Thomson and her violinist analogy based argument, if the fetus is thought to be a human being then abortion is not morally permissible.

All arguments regarding abortion depend on decisions regarding the moral status of the fetus.

According to utilitarian reasoning, abortion is morally unjustified if it will lead to more unhappiness than happiness.

According to Thomson, if one has a right to life one has a right to whatever is necessary to sustain that life.

In using "Method I" to determine the morality of abortion we need to pick a point in fetal development and then tell what is present and why this is significant.

According to the species-based criterion of "Method II", in order to have full moral value and a right to life an individual must have certain person-making characteristics, such as the ability to reason.

If some action is immoral, then it follows from this alone that it ought also to be illegal.

The Roe v. Wade 1971 Supreme Court ruling on abortion asserts that a woman should always have a right to abortion if she so chooses.

According to the Roe v. Wade 1971 Supreme Court ruling, there is a fundamental right to privacy.

According to the Roe v. Wade 1971 Supreme Court ruling, the right to privacy is absolute.

According to the Roe v. Wade 1971 Supreme Court ruling, abortion is not permissible beyond the 12th week of fetal development.

Planned Parenthood suggested the information given out at the Pregnancy Support Center was:

A blastocyst is a

MacKinnon listed all the following as stages of fetal development except:

The ratio of boys to girls in some sections of China today is:

Given the nature of morality as a function of benefits and harms and of treating persons with respect and disrespect, still sex is too personal to be a moral matter.

All moral theories will pose moral questions about sexual morality in the same way.

A consequentialist approach to judging sexual morality will ask whether one is using anyone or whether the sexual relation is an open one.

Whether or not sex is appropriate only within a married or committed relation according to a natural law perspective will depend on whether this is the most fitting or only fitting context for sex given what we are like.

Couples who cohabitate before getting married are more likely to divorce for this reason alone.

The abstinence only education with teens in the US seems to have led to:

Which of the following is not a reason given for female circumcision:

To suggest that sex is only acceptable between consenting adults would rely on:

The belief that gay's and lesbian's should live openly in same sex relationships, because doing so invites homophobic people to become more open and inclusive, comes under _____ reasoning.

Which of the following is not an example of utilitarian reasoning:

Which of the following is the best example of the Categorical Imperative:

According to the principle of equality, a society that preferred women for the respected and highly paid position of financial advisor would be justified in doing so if it could be proven that women by nature were more talented in such matters than men.

The principle of equality is a non-consequentialist moral principle.

If any group differences exist they will most probably be average differences.

Affirmative action programs presume that past discrimination and its resulting present disadvantage are relevant reasons for differential treatment.

According to the principle of equality, in order to treat people differently in ways that deny them significant social benefits one need only show that there are real differences between them.

Some types of affirmative action do not require preference to be given to members of minority groups or women.

When giving a consequentialist argument for affirmative action one need show only that these programs can have good consequences.

Arguments for affirmative action based on reasons of compensatory justice must show that compensation to members of certain groups is justified.

The U.S. Supreme Court concluded in the Bakke decision that consideration of race in school admissions was unconstitutional.

Now that affirmative action has been around since the early 1960's, college graduation rates are:

How many Americans have physical disabilities:

According to the deterrence argument for legal punishment, any kind of punishment is justified no matter what the consequences.

According to a consequentialist argument regarding legal punishment, if a form of punishment is not deterring anyone from crime, then it cannot be justified.

According to a strict interpretation of the word "prevent," by executing all convicted murderers, we prevent every one of them from committing any further murders.

According to consequentialist reasoning, if other measures than imprisonment work better to deter or prevent crime then we ought to use these other measures.

A retributivist argument for legal punishment is one according to which persons who break laws must be punished so that we can get personal satisfaction.

According to the retributivist argument, all those who commit serious crimes must "pay" for them and we determine how much they should pay only by considering how serious was their crime.

Retributivists always support a lex talionis view and thus always will support the death penalty for murderers (as being a life for a life).

A retributivist would uphold a just punishment for certain crimes even if the imposition of this punishment did not deter anyone from committing such crimes.

Indeterminate sentences would be more likely to be favored by those with a retributivist than those with a deterrence viewpoint.

If all acts are determined by various causal factors, then on retributivist grounds punishment as such is unjustified.

Retributivists would support a not guilty plea for persons who are in fact "insane" for, because of their mental dysfunction, they then are not responsible for what they do.

Which country has the highest incarceration rate in the world:

Human clones would be fully identical to one another.

Mammals have never been cloned.

At present the cloning of animals is somewhat inefficient and risky.

Cloning to make a human being is called therapeutic cloning.

The yuck factor argument to human cloning holds that we ought to trust our gut reactions to certain procedures as indicative of their moral nature.

Pharmacogenomics would be a form of personalized medicine using genetic engineering techniques.

Aborted embryos are not generally seen as a viable source of embryonic stem cells because:

The suggestion that using embryos from fertility clinics which would otherwise be destroyed or kept frozen is an ethical activity that relies upon _____ reasoning.

The argument that human personhood begins at conception and humans should not be used for scientific research is founded in:

Adult stem cells are:

Therapeutic cloning refers to the process by which:

One truth about reproductive cloning is that:

The "playing God" argument against cloning: