ECO2013 Ch. 2

9 November 2023
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question
Which is an example of barter?
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A person trades a desk for a box of tools
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The market system is often also known as:
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Capitalism
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The term dollar votes in a market system means:
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Consumers "vote" for certain products to be produced by how they spend their incomes
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In the circular flow model, households earn their incomes in the:
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Resource markets
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The market system is said to be characterized by "consumer sovereignty." This is because:
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Of the role of consumers in determining what goods are produced
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With an increase in profits in a particular industry, we would expect:
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Firms to enter the industry
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Which of the following statements about the right to private ownership is false?
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It weakens the incentive to maintain the property that one already owns
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Issues of the distribution of goods and services and of incomes in a market system are the primary topics of which fundamental question?
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Who is to receive the output?
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In a command system:
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The government makes production and allocation decisions
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The economies of Ireland and France are:
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Similar in that they are both basically market systems
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By free enterprise, we mean that:
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Individuals may obtain resources, organize production, and sell the resulting output in any legal way they choose
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The money income of households consists of the sum of:
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Wages plus rents plus interest plus profits
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Refer to the above figure. If box A represents households, D the resource market, and C businesses, then flow (8) would represent ___ while flow (6) would represent ___.
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Money income; costs
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Refer to the above figure. If box A represents households, B the product market, and C businesses, and if flow (3) represents revenues, then flow (1) would represent:
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Consumption expenditures
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Competition is more likely to exist when:
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There is easy entry into and exit out of industries
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The idea that the desires of resource suppliers and firms to further their own self-interest will automatically further the public interest is known as:
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The invisible hand
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The simple circular flow model shows that workers and capital-owners offer their services to firms through the:
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Resource markets
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Firms will tend to leave an industry when:
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Demand for the industry's product is decreasing
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How do workers typically express self-interest?
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By seeking jobs with the best combination of wages and benefits
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The market system is an economic system that:
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Gives private individuals the right to own resources used in production
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In a market economy, entrepreneurs are most concerned with:
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Maximizing profits or minimizing losses
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In a market system, self-interest is the motivating force that drives the decisions and actions of the following groups, except:
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Public officials
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Which is one of the five fundamental questions that need to be dealt with in any economic system?
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What goods and services will be produced?
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Which is not one of the five fundamental questions that an economy must deal with?
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Why should the goods and services be produced?
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In product markets:
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Businesses earn their revenues from households
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As new firms enter an expanding industry:
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Economic profits tend to decline
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Consumer sovereignty and "dollar votes" guide the market system in dealing with which fundamental question?
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What will be produced?
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"For whom is a given mix of goods and services to be produced? How, in other words, are the society's outputs to be distributed among its members?" In a market economy, this problem is resolved primarily in the:
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Private sector through the earning and spending of income
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All of the following statements describe a market economy except:
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Government prescribes the desired prices for goods and services
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The circular flow model:
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Illustrates the interdependence of businesses and consumers
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Which statement is correct?
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In a market system, prices serve to ration goods and services to consumers.
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One element of the command system is:
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Central planning.
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Consumers express self-interest when they:
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Seek the lowest price for a product.
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In a market economy, the money incomes of individuals depend primarily upon:
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The values and amounts of productive resources that the individuals possess.
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The economies of North Korea and South Korea are:
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Different in that North Korea has a command system while South Korea has a market system
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The major virtues of the market system include all of the following, except:
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It leads to equality in the distribution of income
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The system where workers concentrate on specialized tasks to make a product is referred to as:
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Division of labor
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In the circular flow model, households:
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Buy products and sell resources
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As new firms enter an expanding industry:
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Economic profits tend to decline
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Which of the following does not illustrate the idea of creative destruction?
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A firm has to destroy some of the expired products in its inventory
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Which fundamental economic question does a market system primarily address by focusing on technological advance and capital accumulation?
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How will the system promote progress?
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The market economy is regarded as "efficient" in that:
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It directs resources towards products that the society wants most
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The market system communicates changes in market conditions and elicits appropriate responses from businesses and resource suppliers through changes in prices. This is known as the:
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Market determination of prices (Correct)
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How does human specialization contribute to an economy's output?
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It makes use of differences in abilities
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A characteristic of the market system is:
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Extensive use of capital goods
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A required element of specialization is:
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Exchange and trade
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A basic characteristic of a command system is that:
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Government owns most economic resources
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Consider a barter system where you have pens, but you want pencils. To satisfy your want there must be:
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Coincidence of wants
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In the circular flow diagram, households:
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Make consumption expenditures and receive goods and services
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Refer to the above figure. If box A represents households, B the product market, and C businesses, and if flow (3) represents revenues, then (4) would represent ___ while flow (5) would represent ____.
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Goods and services; resources