HumanitiesChapter 15 example #53649
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Chapter 15

Rebekah Wood avatar Rebekah Wood
22 August 2022
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question
How did Northerners view the war once it began?
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The Civil War was a struggle to preserve the Union.
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In his inaugural address, President Lincoln revealed that he hoped to avoid disunion by?
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taking measures to stop the contagion of secession.
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What event marked the official beginning of armed hostilities between the North and South?
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Confederates firing on Fort Sumter
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Why did some states in the Upper South opt for secession from the Union?
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They couldn't see themselves fighting fellow Southerners.
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What happened in the loyal border states of Missouri and Kentucky?
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A violent pro-southern minority remained sympathetic to the southern cause.
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How many of the fifteen slave states joined the Confederacy?
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Eleven
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Why did white Southerners from all classes enlist to fight Yankees?
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They wanted to ensure that blacks remained subordinate to whites.
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Most Northerners viewed secession as
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an attack on the best government on earth.
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Why did Southerners believe they had a real chance of winning the Civil War?
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Southern men believed they were physically tougher than northern men.
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What irony emerges when considering the wartime leadership of Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis?
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The inexperienced Lincoln proved to be a more adept leader than the seasoned Davis.
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What disadvantage did the South face when it came to supplying the Confederate armies?
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It lacked the resources available to the North.
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Why did the South experience greater inflation than the North during the Civil War?
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The Confederacy printed more money.
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What was the significance of the first battle at Manassas (or Bull Run) in July 1861?
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It demonstrated that Americans were in for a real war, one that would be neither quick nor easy.
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Why did President Lincoln criticize General George B. McClellan early in the war?
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McClellan had amassed a huge military force but refused to attack.
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The bloodiest day of the Civil War occurred September 17, 1862, at
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Antietam Creek, Maryland.
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At the end of 1862, the eastern theater of the Civil War
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had reached a stalemate.
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Why did some Indian tribes side with the Confederates during the Civil War?
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The tribes hoped the Confederacy would grant them more independence.
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What was the significance of the Battle of Shiloh?
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The Union victory ruined the Confederacy's chances to take control of the West.
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What was the significance of the conflict between the Virginia and the Monitor?
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The conflict marked the birth of the ironclad warship.
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Initially the Confederacy sought King Cotton diplomacy, a strategy based on the belief that
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European nations' need for cotton would lead them to support the Confederacy.
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Why did King Cotton diplomacy fail?
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European nations turned to Egypt and India for cotton.
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Why did President Lincoln choose not to make the Civil War a struggle over slavery?
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e doubted his power to tamper with the "domestic institutions" of any state.
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What did Lincoln consider the biggest obstacle to the acceptance of emancipation in the Union?
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White fears that freed slaves would disrupt Northern society
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In March 1862, Congress tilted toward emancipating slaves when it
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forbade the practice of returning fugitive slaves to their masters.
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What was the purpose of the second Confiscation Act, passed by Congress on July 17, 1862?
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The act freed the slaves of rebel masters.
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Abraham Lincoln justified the Emancipation Proclamation as
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a military necessity.
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How did free black men of fighting age in the North respond to the war effort?
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Most free black men fought in the Union army.
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What was the capital city of the Confederacy in 1863?
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Richmond, Virginia
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Despite their ideological commitment to states' rights and limited government, Confederate leaders
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expanded their power by drafting soldiers into the Confederate army
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Why did the "twenty-Negro law" enrage many white Southerners during the Civil War?
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exempted from military service one white man on every plantation with twenty or more slaves
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What did Southern clergymen think about the Civil War?
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They believed God had blessed slavery and the new nation
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Aside from leading to the legal destruction of slavery, the Civil War itself helped destroy slavery in practice because
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the discipline necessary to keep slavery intact was disrupted.
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How did slaves use the chaos and turmoil of the Civil War to whittle away at their bondage?
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They forced concessions from their masters and mistresses.
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Republicans generated the economic power they needed to fight a successful war in the early 1860s by
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revolutionizing U.S. banking, monetary, and tax structures.
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What was the purpose of the 1862 Homestead Act?
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The Act offered Western land to settlers who would live and labor on it.
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What happened to the northern working class as a result of the North's increased industrial production?
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Inflation caused most workers' standard of living to fall.
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What was the result of strikes by workers in northern industries during the war?
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The strikes rarely succeeded.
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Women served which of the following roles during the Civil War?
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Women worked as government secretaries.
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Who went on to found the Red Cross after serving as a nurse in Union battlefield units during the war?
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Clara Barton
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What prompted an Irish-led riot that took the lives of at least 105 people in New York City in the summer of 1863?
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The newly enacted draft law
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How did President Lincoln attempt to stifle opposition to the war?
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Lincoln suppressed free speech.
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Under Grant's leadership, the Union armies
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became a sophisticated war machine.
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What was the result of the Battle of Vicksburg in July 1863?
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The Union army's victory opened up a large portion of the Mississippi River.
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Which general won the battle of Gettysburg?
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George G. Meade
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After his victory at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1864, General Ulysses S. Grant
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launched a massive military campaign that would take his troops on a sweep through Virginia down to Louisiana.
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What was General William T. Sherman's strategy for defeating the Confederates in Georgia in 1864?
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He orchestrated a scorched-earth military campaign aimed at destroying the will of the southern people.
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What problem did President Lincoln face during the election of 1864?
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The Democrats had an excellent chance of winning.
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Why were Confederate soldiers demoralized during the waning months of the war?
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The toll of years of fighting had become too much.
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What peace terms did Grant offer Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865?
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Lee's men could keep their horses.
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When the Civil War ended, President Lincoln was confident that
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his postwar burdens would weigh almost as heavily as those of wartime.