Chapter 11 Study Guide

The industrial revolution was a long __________________ process that completely changed the way ___________________ were produced.

_____________________ replaced hand tools, and _____________________ power replaced human and animal power.

The economy shifted away from _____________________________ and went towards _____________________.

People with money to invest in businesses to try to make a profit.

A system that brought workers, machines, and raw materials all to the same place where workers put in a certain number of hours for a daily or weekly wage.

Having or feeling loyalty to one's state, region, or area

Identical machine-made parts that were all alike and could be easily assembled making production cheaper.

Connected the Hudson River with Lake Erie and helped reduce travel time and lower the costs of shipping goods.

12. The New Hampshire legislature attempted to change the college into a state university:

After Congress chartered the second Bank of the U.S., Maryland tried to tax the bank in order to drive it out of the state.

The Supreme Court upheld the power of the federal government to regulate commerce. A New York law tried to control steamboat travel between New York and New Jersey.

Southern leader who was concerned with farming, protecting slavery, low taxes, cheap goods, and keeping the Federal Government weak & uninvolved with the economy.

The 5th President of the U.S. and leader during the "Era of Good Feelings," who changed American foreign policy with an important speech.

Capitalist that had the idea to clean, spin, and weave cotton into cloth all under one roof in one factory and to build up a town around the factory for the workers.

The leader that spoke for the West who was concerned with improvements in roads, bridges, and waterways to help western expansion and trade and also supported more government control of the economy.

This mechanic helped start the Industrial Revolution in America by bringing the plans for water-powered mills and textile machines over from Britain in his memory.

The leader that spoke for the North who was concerned with protecting American industry from foreign competition, expanding the government's role in the economy, and was against slavery because he felt it was cruel and evil.

This person designed the cotton gin and developed the idea of making interchangeable parts by experimenting first with the musket/rifle.

22. Western Routes: Some settlers took the route to the Great _____________ _________ across Pennsylvania Some settlers went southwest along the trail that was opened by Daniel Boone, which was known as the Cumberland __________. Some settlers pushed west to Pittsburgh, where they loaded their animals and wagons into flatboats and went down the _______________________ River.

23. What country loses Florida to America? _______________________

24. ________________ _________________ gave the Seminole Indians a share of their crops they raised for providing them with shelter.

25. President Monroe gave a speech that included his __________________ policy statement

This document stated that the United States would ________________ any attempt to build new colonies in America. This document also stated that the United States would not interfere in the affairs of _______________________ nations.

26. Creek and ____________________ Indians from Florida raided settlements in Georgia.

27. New York's Governor Dewitt Clinton persuaded state lawmakers to provide money for the Erie Canal. Some called the project _____________________ ___________________.

28. What were the four hazards that occurred with these new cities: ________________ and ___________________ streets turned into mud holes when it rained. Cities had no ___________________ . People threw _____________________ into the streets. ______________ spread quickly.

29. In the new factory system, workers earned _________________ or ______________ wages. Working hours were _______ hours a day, _______ days a week.

Early factories, called mills, got their power from a. Water power from water-wheels b. Human power and hand tools c. electricity from electrical generators d. Mostly animal power like horses and mules.

Young women and children were hired in early mills mostly because a. They wanted to move to large cities for attractions. b. They were better workers than any of the men that could be hired. c. They were already trained to work on complicated machines. d. They could be paid half of what they would pay a man for the same job.

32. ____ During the Industrial Revolution, cities were usually a. Built up around factories b. Clean, safe, and modern c. too far from waterways and rivers d. Too large to walk across in one day

33. ____ James Hargreaves of Britain designed a machine that spun several threads at once a. The power loom b. The spinning jenny c. the spinning wheel d. The mechanical loom

34. ____ The factory system changed the way things were produced by: a. Allowing parts to be shipped quickly from one factory to the next to be assembled into goods. b. Giving people with money something to invest in since the Bank of the U.S. was closed down. c. Bringing workers, raw materials, and machines together in one place to be made into goods in one process. d. Replacing animal power with human power and giving people a daily or weekly wage to work.

35. ____ The invention of the steamboat was important because a. It gave farmers and merchants a cheaper means of moving goods. b. It made traveling upstream easier. c. It allowed more citizens to settle in the North. d. It allowed for people to take vacations.

36. When the charter for the first bank of the United States ran out a. It was impossible to get a loan from any bank. b. They signed a new lease with Congress right away. c. People could not get any money at all. d. The state banks loaned out too much money causing inflation.

37. A protective tariff helps businesses by a. Protecting businesses from being attacked by foreign countries or Indians. b. Charging a tax on all goods produced and exported to foreign countries. c. Charging a tax on imports to make foreign goods more expensive than American-made goods. d. Charging a protection tax to keep workers jobs safe.