BIO 168 Chapter 8

A ballerina who stands on the tips of her toes is performing: plantar flexion. inversion. eversion. dorsiflexion.

Articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones serves to: form the synovial membrane. reduce friction and absorb shock. produce synovial fluid. attach tendons.

Classify the elbow, which is structured with the convex surface of one bone fitting into the concave depression of another bone. plane joint condylar joint pivot joint hinge joint

Determine the functional joint classification that provides the greatest mobility. cartilaginous diarthrosis synarthrosis amphiarthrosis

Fibrous joints are built for: a great degree of movement. flexibility. stability. shock absorption.

Synchondroses unite bones with ________ while symphyses unite bones with ________. fibrocartilage; hyaline cartilage elastic cartilage; fibrocartilage dense regular collagenous tissue; elastic cartilage hyaline cartilage; fibrocartilage

What are the two articulations present in the elbow joint? glenohumeral joint and the coracohumeral joint humeroulnar joint and the humeroradial joint tibiofemoral joint and the patellofemoral joint radioulnar joint and the glenohumeral joint

What best describes the structure of a synovial joint? The joint is fastened together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue. No joint space separates the articulating bones. A fluid-filled cavity is found between the articulating bones. Cartilage is situated between the articulating bones.

What do ligaments connect together?

What feature is NOT one of the three unique features of the synovial joint? synovial fluid tendon sheath articular capsule articular cartilage

What movement would you expect to see in a pivot joint? abduction rotation flexion opposition

What type of joint is a ball-and-socket joint? uniaxial joint nonaxial joint biaxial joint multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Which movement opposes adduction? flexion extension rotation abduction

Which of the following best represents the functional classifications of joints ranked from least movable to most movable? synarthrosis, diarthrosis, amphiarthrosis amphiarthrosis, synarthrosis, diarthrosis synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis diarthrosis, synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis

Which of the following cartilaginous joints is found only in young, growing people? epiphyseal plate costochondral joint pubic symphysis intervertebral disc

Which of the following is NOT a ligament associated with the knee joint? radial collateral ligament tibial collateral ligament anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Which of the following is a freely movable joint? diarthrosis synarthrosis fibrous amphiarthrosis

Which of the following movements is an example of abduction? turning the palm of the hand upward extreme bending of the head backwards spreading the fingers apart moving the hand toward the shoulder

Which statement best describes tendon sheaths? Tendon sheaths connect one bone to another to strengthen and reinforce articulating bones. Tendon sheaths protect long tendons as they course over and around synovial joints. Tendon sheaths help anchor the tendon to the muscle. Tendon sheaths are lined with dense irregular connective tissue.

Which type of fibrous joint is found between bones of the cranium? syndesmosis synovial synchondrosis suture

The prefix means "joint."

The prefix means "together."

The prefix means "cartilage."

The prefix means "both."

A(n) joint is held together tightly and is immoveable.

A joint that is slightly moveable is classified as a(n) joint.

A(n) joint is found between the ribs and costal cartilages.

A joint that allows only a small amount of movement is called a(n) __________. metarthrosis diarthrosis synarthrosis amphiarthrosis

A freely moveable joint is classified as a __________. synarthrosis diarthrosis amphiarthrosis gomphosis

Functionally, how are cartilaginous joints classified? synarthroses or amphiarthroses amphiarthroses or diarthroses fibrous or synovial synarthroses or diarthroses

The most moveable fibrous joints are the __________. gomphoses symphyses syndesmoses sutures

Which of the following is/are classified as fibrous joints? synovial joints synchondroses and symphyses sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses diarthroses

Which of the following components is NOT part of a synovial joint? Synovial fluid Adipose tissue Articular capsule Epiphyseal plate cartilage

Which key feature distinguishes a synovial joint from other joint types? presence of a joint cavity presence of collagen fibers presence of cartilage presence of connective tissue

an angular movement that decreases the angle between the articulating bones by bringing the two bones closer together. extension circumduction flexion abduction

an angular movement in which a body part moves toward the midline of the body.

the angle between the foot and the tibia decreases. In other words, the toes are pulled up. plantarflexion inversion dorsiflexion eversion

What type of joint allows motion around only one axis? nonaxial uniaxial multiaxial (triaxial) biaxial

Which type of angular movement moves a body part away from the midline of the body or another reference point? abduction flexion plantar flexion adduction

Shaking your head as if to say "no" is a joint movement known as:

Classify the shoulder joint. biaxial joint multiaxial (triaxial) joint nonaxial joint uniaxial joint

A football player received the bad news that he tore his anterior cruciate ligament. What does this mean for the range of motion of his knee? His knee will exhibit more flexion and his tibia may dislocate from the femur posteriorly. His knee will exhibit more extension and hyperextension by shifting the tibia too far anteriorly on the femur. He will not be able to straighten his knee and will suffer a disabling injury. He will have difficulty bending the knee and it will allow too much lateral movement.

The glenoid cavity is the socket of the __________. elbow joint hip joint shoulder joint knee joint

Which specific feature of the humerus articulates with the scapula? head capitulum olecranon fossa trochlea

The elbow joint is an example of a __________.

The hip joint is an example of a __________. biaxial joint multiaxial joint triaxial joint uniaxial joint

Where is a condylar joint found? metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers 2-5 elbow joint atlantoaxial joint between the first metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb and the trapezium

In the knee joint, the medial meniscus is: fibrocartilage. dense regular collagenous connective tissue. elastic cartilage. hyaline cartilage.

The shoulder and hip joints are similar because they are both: ball-and-socket joints. uniaxial joints. biaxial joints. hinge joints.

The coxal joint is an articulation formed by: the greater trochanter of the femur and the obturator foramen. the head of the radius and the humerus. the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity. the head of the femur and the acetabulum.