Chapter 16

Which of the following is NOT a part of external respiration

which of the following specifically describes the movement of air into and out of the lungs?

which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?

which the primary anatomical difference that marks the dividing line between the conducting zone and the respiratory zone of the respiratory tract?

what is the significance of the respiratory membrane to facilitate gas exchange?

why are alveoli arranged in small grape-like clusters?

what are the smallest (and most distal) structures that remain a component of the conducting zone in the respiratory tract?

what is the function of ciliated cells in the conducting zone?

which of the following becomes more abundant deeper into the conducting zone (from bronchi to bronchioles)?

which of the following is most abundant in the trachea and bronchi, becoming much less dense (and eventually absent) in the bronchioles?

the transition from the conducting to the respiratory zone in the lungs occurs at the

what is the function of alveolar pores?

what are the most common cells that line the surface of the alveoli and are therefore associated with the exchange of gases within the lungs?

what is the thin barrier (0.2um) that allows for the efficient exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood called?

what happens to a dust particle that is too large to stay airborne and land in the alveoli?

what happens to a dust particle that is too small to fall from the inspired air and land in the alveoli?

mycoplasma tuberculosis, the causative agent in tuberculosis, primarily infects the alveolar macrophages and is therefore very fortunate in its size. Why is this statement true?

an ex-smoker with emphysema has a pulmonary erosion into his intrapleural space. What life-threatening condition is he at imminent risk of developing?

what keeps the visceral pleura in close proximity to the parietal pleura?

the COPD called emphysema forces the afflicted to exhale through pursed lips to maintain intrabronchial back pressure, thereby preventing

which of the following is a chronic inflammatory pulmonary disorder characterized by reversible obstuction of the airways?

when air is no longer moving through the respiratory tract and the airway is open to the environment, the pressure within the lung is equal to?

the difference between what two pressures drives air into and out of the lungs?

which of the following occurs when intra-alveolar pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure

which of the following varies rhythmically with respiration

the difference between intrapleural pressure and intra-alveolar pressure is

which of the following is a measure of the distending force across the lungs?

equilibration of pressure between the intrapluural space and the alveoli will lead to which of the following?

what is the vol. of air present in the lungs when the lungs are at rest (in between breaths)?

which of the following is TRUE when the lung volume is equal to the functional resifual capacity?

as the lungs expand, intra-alveolar pressure _______ and air moves _______ the lungs.

as the volume of the lung increases, atmospheric pressure

what does contraction of the diaphragm cause?

what are the primary inspiratory muscles?

the muscles of respiration are

as volume of the chest wall increases, the concomitant expansion of the lungs is due to a(n)?

at rest, expiration it a(n) _______ process that involves _______.

which of the following pressures is lower during inspiration then during expiration?

the compliance of the lungs can be determined by measuring the change in ____ for a given change in _____.

the compliance of the lung is determined by the elasticity of the lung and

the surface tension of the alveolus is reduced by surfactants produced by what type of cells?

which of the following is NOT involved in altering the resistance of the airway to air movement?

how do tractive forces affect the airways during inspiration?

which of the following is respndible for changes in airway resistance that occur in a single breath?

which of the following chemicals will NOT result in a decrease in airway resistance?

which of the following is NOT part of the response of an airway to specific allergens that initiate an asthmatic response?

what benefit are corticosteroids in the treatment of asthma?

A(n) _____ is used clinically to measure lung volumes and rates of air flow.

what is the volume of air moved into and out of the lungs in a single breath during unforced breathing called?

the presence of a negative intrapleural pressure at maximum expiration is responsible for which of the following?

the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume together make up which of the following?

functional residual capacity is comprised of which of the following

which of the following measurements cannot be determined by a spirometer?

a normal tidal volume at rest is approximately _____ mL.

a normal vital capacity is approximately ___mL.

a healthy person can normally exhale what percentage of his or her vital capacity in one second?

in an obstructive disease, the lungs can become overinflated because the difficulty in _____ tends to ______.

a decrease in _____ is indicative of a restrictive pulmonary disease

a decrease IN _________ is indicative of an obstructive pulmonary disease.

what is the term for the volume of air moved into the lungs every minute?

what is the term for the volume of air that reaches the respiratory zone each minute?

what is the volume of the respiratory pathway that is NOT able to exchange hases (conducting pathway) called?

what happens to the inner diameter of the walls of the respiratory tract as it moves down from the upper conducting zone to the lower respiratory zone?

what happens to the amount of cartilage in the walls of the respiratory tract as it moves down from the upper conducting zone to the lower respiratory zone?

what happens to the amount of cilia lining the inner walls of the respiratory tract as it moves down from the upper conducting zone to the lower respiratory zone?

what happens to the number of goblet cells found in the walls of the respiratory tract as it moves down from the upper conducting zone to the lower respiratory zone?

what happens to the amount of smooth muscle found in the walls of the respiratory tract as it moves down from the upper conducting zone to the lower respiratory zone?

which cells secrete surfactant?

which cells secrete mucus

which cells form the mucus escalator?

which cells engulf foreign particles that reach the lungs

which cells form the lung tissue component of the respiratory membrane?

which pressure is created by the elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall?

which pressure is constant during the respiratory cycle?

which pressure is the distending force on the lungs?

which of the following has the difference between its pressure and atmospheric pressure driving the air into and out of the lungs?

which pressure equals atmospheric pressure during a pneumothorax, causing the lungs to collapse?

which pressure changes with the phases of respiration but is always negative?

which pressure changes with the phases of respiration from a negative value during inspiration and a positive value during expiration?

the volume of air remaining in the lungs following a maximum expiration is called

the volume of air exchange with the environment during an unforced breath is called?

the maximum volume of air that can be inspired following a resting inspiration is called

the maximum volume of air that can be inspired following a resting expiration is called

the maximum volume of air that can be expired following a maximum inspiration is called

the maximum volume of air that can be expired following a resting expiration is called

the volume of air in the lungs following a maximum inspiration is called

the volume of air in the lungs at rest, between breaths, is called?

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume is called

what is the residual volume + expiratory reserve volume called?

what is the tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume called?

what is the tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume called?

what is the primary determinant of airway resistance?

the intra-alveolar pressure is determined by what two factors?