Trail Of Tears

23 August 2022
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Dahlonega Gold Rush
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When gold is found in the Georgia mountains in 1829, a flood of people rush in with hopes of stiking it rich.
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White sticks
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those Native Americans in the early 1800's who did not want war with the white settlers
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Andrew Jackson
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The 7th US President that signed the Indian Removal Act. Jackson believed the Native Americans were children in need of guidance and that their removal would be beneficial.
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Sequoyah
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Cherokee Indian that is best known for creating the Syllabary (the system of writing in the Cherokee language).
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Trail of Tears
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The land and water route used by the US government to forcefully remove thousands of Cherokee Indians from their homes between Georgia and Oklahoma. Along the way, over 4,000 Indians died.
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Treaty of Indian Springs
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A treaty signed in 1825 by Creek Indian Chief William McIntosh that ceded the last Creek lands in Georgia to the federal government. He was later executed by his own people for breaking Creek law.
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Advances of Cherokee
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The Cherokee lived in brick and wooden two-story homes, wrote their own constitution and newspaper, created their own supreme court and created their own written language.
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Cherokee Phoenix
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The name of the Cherokee newspaper created by Elias Boudinot.
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New Echota
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The name of Cherokee nation's capital in North Georgia.
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John Marshall
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Supreme Court justice that made the ruling in Worcester vs. Georgia - ruled that Cherokee territory was not subject to the State of Georgia law. He ordered that the missionaries, Butler and Worchester, were to be set free.
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Worchester vs. the State of Georgia
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Court case whereby the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokee Nation because Georgia laws did not apply to the Cherokee to the Cherokee nation. However, Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the ruling.
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John Ross
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Cherokee Chief that was not in favor of signing the Treaty of New Echota, and he took a petition to Congress with 15,000 signatures to protest the Indian removal.
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Alexandar McGillavray
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A representative for the Creek Indians called by President Washington to negotiate a settlement for the Creek Indians and the US government. He signed the Treaty of New York giving up Creek lands east of the Oconee River.
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William McIntosh
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Creek Chief who was killed and scalped by his own people for breaking the "blood law" which stated that anyone would die if he signed away land without permission from the entire tribe.
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Mississippi River
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The water route used by the US government to send the Indians to Oklahoma.
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California Gold Rush of 1849
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Drew people away from Georgia and caused a final end to the Georgia gold rush.
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War of 1812
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War that was fought between the US and Great Britain because British sailors were impressing sailors and stirring up Indians in the west. Many Indians helped the US fight, including Chief William McIntosh, who achieved the rank of a general.
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Mixed nationalities
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Many of the Cherokee and Creeks had parents that were of different races. Many resembled more of the European heritage rather than the darker skin heritage. Also, many were educated in schools of higher learner - such as Harvard. For these reasons, they were able to go to Washington to plead the case for the tribes.
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Economic reasons for Indian removal
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Discovery of gold and rich farmland fertile for cash crops such as tobacco and cotton.
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Davy Crockett
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Frontiersman, that became a senator, that pleaded before the federal government on behalf of the Cherokee people so that they could remain on their land. Later he died in the Battle of the Alamo.