A __________ exists between two variables when the values of one variable are somehow associated with the values of the other variable.
answer
correlation
question
When determining whether there is a correlation between two variables, one should use a ____________ to explore the data visually.
answer
scatterplot
question
Which of the following statements about correlation is true?
answer
We say that there is a positive correlation between x and y if the x-values increase as the corresponding y-values increase.
question
The ______________ measures the strength of the linear correlation between the paired quantitative x- and y-values in a sample.
answer
linear correlation coefficient, r
question
Which of the following is NOT a requirement in determining whether there is a linear correlation between two variables?
answer
If r>1, then there is a positive linear correlation.
question
Which of the following is NOT a property of the linear correlation coefficient r?
answer
The linear correlation coefficient r is robust. That is, a single outlier will not affect the value of r.
question
Which of the following is NOT one of the three common errors involving correlation?
answer
Correlation does not imply causality
question
Which of the following is NOT true for a hypothesis test for correlation?
answer
If |r|>critical value, we should fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is not sufficient evidence to support the claim of a linear correlation.
question
Which of the following is not a requirement for regression analysis?
answer
The method for regression analysis line is not robust. It is seriously affected by a small departure from a normal distribution.
question
Given a collection of paired sample data, the ____________________ y with caret=b0+b1x algebraically describes the relationship between the two variables, x and y.
answer
regression equation
question
Which of the following is not equivalent to the other three?
answer
Dependent variable
question
When making predictions based on regression lines, which of the following is not listed as a consideration?
answer
Use the regression line for predictions only if the data go far beyond the scope of the available sample data.
question
In working with two variables related by a regression equation, the _________________ in a variable is the amount that it changes when the other variable changes by exactly one unit.
answer
marginal change
question
In a scatterplot, a(n) ______________ is a point lying far away from the other data points.
answer
outlier
question
Paired sample data may include one or more ___________, which are points that strongly affect the graph of the regression line.
answer
influential points
question
For a pair of sample x- and y-values, the ______________ is the difference between the observed sample value of y and the y-value that is predicted by using the regression equation.
answer
residual
question
A straight line satisfies the __________________ if the sum of the squares of the residuals is the smallest sum possible.
answer
least-squares property
question
A ______________ is a scatterplot of the (x,y) values after each of the y-coordinate values has been replaced by the residual value y−y with caret.
answer
residual plot
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