ScienceChemistryAcids And BasesSolutions, Acids, And Bases
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Solutions, Acids, And Bases

Gisele Davis avatar Gisele Davis
25 July 2022
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21 test answers

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question
What is the maximum amount of KCl that can dissolve in 200 g of water? (The solubility of KCl is 34 g/100 g H2O at 20°C.)
answer
17 g 34 g *68 g* 6800 g
question
For most solids, which of the following occurs as temperature increases?
answer
Solubility decreases *Solubility increases* Solubility remains the same Molarity doubles
question
If the solubility of a gas in water is 4.0 g/L when the pressure of the gas above the water is 3.0 atm, what is the pressure of the gas above the water when the solubility of the gas is 1.0 g/L?
answer
*0.75 atm* 1.3 atm 4.0 atm 12 atm
question
What is the molarity of a solution that contains 6 moles of solute in 2 liters of solution?
answer
6 M 12 M 7 M *3 M*
question
What mass of Na2SO4 is needed to make 2.5 L of 2.0 M solution? (Na = 23 g; S = 32 g; O = 16 g)
answer
178 g 284 g 356 g *710 g*
question
If the percent (mass/mass) for a solute is 4% and the mass of the solution is 200 g, what is the mass of solute in solution?
answer
*8.0 g* 50 g 80 g 800 g
question
Colligative properties depend upon the ____.
answer
nature of the solute nature of the solvent *number of solute particles in a solution* freezing point of a solute
question
What is the formula for phosphoric acid?
answer
H2PO3 *H3PO4* HPO2 HPO4
question
Which of these is an Arrhenius base?
answer
*LiOH* NH3 H2PO4- CH3COOH
question
A Lewis acid is a substance that can ____.
answer
donate a pair of electrons *accept a pair of electrons* donate a hydrogen ion accept a hydrogen ion
question
Which compound can act as both a Brønsted-Lowry acid and a Brønsted-Lowry base?
answer
*Water* Ammonia Sodium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid
question
What are the acids in the following equilibrium reaction? CN- + H2O ↔ HCN + OH-
answer
CN-, H2O *H2O, HCN* CN-, OH- H2O, OH-
question
The products of self-ionization of water are ____.
answer
H3O+ and H2O OH- and OH+ OH+ and H- *OH- and H+*
question
Which type of solution is one with a pH of 8?
answer
Acidic *Basic* Neutral The type varies, depending on the solution
question
The acid dissociation constant for an acid dissolved in water is equal to the ____.
answer
equilibrium constant *equilibrium constant times the concentration of water* equilibrium constant divided by the concentration of water equilibrium constant times the equilibrium constant of water
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A 0.12 M solution of an acid that ionizes only slightly in solution would be termed ____.
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concentrated and weak strong and dilute *dilute and weak* concentrated and strong
question
If the solubility of a gas is 7.5 g/L at 404 kPa pressure, what is the solubility of the gas when the pressure is 202 kPa? Show your work.
answer
If the solubility of a gas is 7.5 g/L at 404 kPa, the solubility will be 3.8 g/L at 202 kPa. S2 = S1 * P2/P1 = 7.5 g/L * (202 kPa/404 kPa) = 3.75 (3.8) g/L
question
Explain on a particle basis how the addition of a solute affects the boiling point, the freezing point, and the vapor pressure of the solvent
answer
On a particle basis, the addition of a solute affects the boiling point, freezing point, and vapor pressure of the solvent by temperature. In order to freeze a solution, you would need to cool down to molecules to be able to crystalize. To boil the solution, you would need to increase the temperature to heat up the molecules to be able to evaporate. This can also the same affect on vapor pressure.
question
Calculate the hydrogen-ion concentration [H+] for the aqueous solution in which [OH-] is 1 x 10-11 mol/L. Is this solution acididc, basic, or neutral? Show your work.
answer
pOH = -log[OH-] = -log (1 x 10^-11) = 11 pH + pOH = 14 pOH - 14 = pH pH = 3 Therefore, the solution is acidic.
question
Calculate the acid dissociation constant of a weak monoprotic acid if a 0.5M solution of this acid gives a hydrogen-ion concentration of 0.000 1M? Show your work. Hint: Monoprotic means containing one proton.
answer
[H+] = [A-]/[HA] = 0.0001 * 0.0001 / 0.5 = 2 x 10^-8
question
Compare and contrast the properties of acids and bases. Include two similarities and two differences
answer
In chemistry, two similarities that acids and bases share is that they both can be strong or weak electrolytes and that they can change the color of an indicator. In contrast, an acid has a pH of 0 - 6, 7 being neutral, and form hydrogen ions when dissolving in water. Bases have a pH between 8 and 14, and can act as an antacid, such as milk of magnesia or ammonia.