*Is the following sentence true or false? When Darwin returned to England, he rushed to publish his thoughts about evolution.*
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Alfred Russel Wallace.
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*The naturalist whose essay gave Darwin an incentive to publish his own work was who?*
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A. It contained evidence for evolution. B. It described natural selection.
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*What is true about Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species"?*
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Variation.
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*Differences among individuals of a species are referred to as what?*
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False.
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*Is the following sentence true or false? Genetic variation is found only in wild organisms in nature.*
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A. It is also called selective breeding. B. It occurs when humans select natural variations they find useful. C. It produces organisms that look very different from their ancestors.
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*What is true about artificial selection?*
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His greatest contribution was developing a scientific hypothesis to explain how evolution occurs.
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*What was Darwin's greatest contribution?*
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The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment.
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*What is fitness?*
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Any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival.
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*What is adaptation?*
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Survival of the fittest.
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*What is natural selection?*
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It means that members of each species compete regularly to obtain food, living space, and other necessities of life.
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*What does the phrase "struggle for existence" mean?*
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False.
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*Is the following sentence true or false? Adaptations can be physical characteristics but not more complex features such as behavior.*
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Individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully.
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*Explain what Darwin meant by the phrase "survival of the fittest".*
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A. It selects traits that increase fitness. B. It takes place without human control.
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*What is true about natural selection?*
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Descent with modification.
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*The principle that living species descend, with changes, from other species over time is referred to as what?*
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Common descent.
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*The principle that all species were derived from common ancestors is known as what?*
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False.
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*Is the following sentence true or false? Darwin argued that living things have been evolving on Earth for thousands of years.*
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A. The fossil record. B. The geographic distribution of living species. C. Homologous structures of living organisms. D. Similarities in embryology.
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*Evidence for Evolution can be found in what?*
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They document the fact that life on Earth has changed over time.
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*How do fossils that formed in different rock layers provide evidence of evolution?*
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They had descended with modification from a common mainland ancestor.
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*What is the way Darwin explained the distribution of finch species on the Galápagos Islands?*
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Darwin thought that such species evolved features in common because they were exposed to similar pressures of natural selection.
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*How did Darwin explain the existence of similar but unrelated species?*
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Homologous structures.
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*Structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embyronic tissues are called what?*
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True.
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*Is the following sentence true or false? Homologous structures provide strong evidence that all four-limbed vertebrates have descended, with modifications, from common ancestors.*
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Vestigial organs.
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*Organs that are so reduced in size that they are just vestiges, or traces, of homologous in other species are called what?*
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A. There is variation in nature. B. There is a struggle for existence. C. Species change over time.
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*What is part of Darwin's theory of evolution?*
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Such individuals die or leave fewer offspring.
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*According to Darwin's theory, what happens to individuals whose characteristics are not well suited to their environment?*
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Descent with modification.
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*Darwin believed that all organisms on Earth are united into a single tree of life by what?*
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They have been confirmed and expanded by scientific advances in biology, geology, and physics.
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*What is the status of Darwin's hypotheses today?*
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