Which of the following statements about logistic growth curves is true?
answer
d.
Logistic growth curves increase exponentially at first, then experience slowed growth rates.
question
For which method of determining population size is the population not aware of the sampler's presence?
answer
d.
indirect observation
question
Which of the following species would you most expect to be distributed according to a regular pattern?
answer
d.
creosote bushes
question
Which of the following conditions would lead to a small population size?
answer
a.
a low birth to death ratio
question
Orange trees planted in an orchard would most likely fall in which category of population distribution?
answer
a.
even
question
Which of the following selection pressures is responsible for the limited evolutionary changes experienced by alligators and other crocodilians?
answer
a.
stabilizing selection
question
Bottleneck events are always caused by the death of most of a species' population.
answer
false
question
Which of the following is most likely an example of genetic drift resulting from the founder effect?
answer
d.
A population commonly expresses traits that are otherwise rare in the species.
question
The total number of organisms an ecosystem can support is its tolerance range.
answer
false
question
There are approximately 35,000 bald eagles in Alaska, which covers 586,400 square miles. What is the population density for the bald eagles in Alaska?
answer
c.
0.06 bald eagles per square mile
question
Among humans more boys are born than girls, but women have significantly higher life expectancies. What is the significance of this?
answer
This trend means that men have a higher mortality rate than women. While men start out as a larger percentage of the population, their higher mortality rate means that among the elderly, women are a larger percentage of the population than men.
question
New Zealand has a population of 4,326,380 and has an area of 103,736^2 while Australia has an area of 2,967,909^2 and a population of 21,905,140. Explain how New Zealand can have a larger population density than Australia even though it has a smaller total population.
answer
Even though New Zealand has a smaller population than Australia, it has a greater population density because it covers a much smaller area. Australia's population is approximately five times larger than New Zealand's while the area Australia covers is approximately 30 times larger than the area New Zealand covers.
question
Explain why the crossbreeding of bison and cattle is both a benefit and hindrance to conservation efforts aimed at protecting bison genetic diversity.
answer
While the bison gene pool is currently much healthier than that of the cheetah, only one herd among the 4% of all protected bison herds has no known cattle ancestry. Cattle ancestry has helped boost the total population of bison and has increased such herds' genetic diversity, but those herds do not help protect the bison's original gene pool.
question
Identify the abiotic limiting factor from the choices below.
answer
c.
water
question
What are the possible impacts on the limiting factors that determine population size of an extended period of lower than normal rainfall?
answer
The population's resource supply will be directly affected. The amount of water available will be less than usual, which will in turn affect the food supply of different animals. This will likely cause the birth rate to decrease and the death rate to increase, which will reduce the population size. In order to overcome the effects of the drought, animals may migrate temporarily or perhaps emigrate to new locations where water is more readily available.
question
Which of the following statements about exponential growth curves is true?
answer
a.
Exponential growth curves are common for R-selected species.
question
There are approximately 30,000,000 white-tailed deer in the United States, which covers 3,536,000 square miles. What is the population density, rounded to the nearest whole number, for the white-tailed deer?
answer
d.
8 deer per square mile
question
Why was the reduction of the bison population to under 1,000 individuals a bottleneck event for the species?
answer
a.
It drastically reduced the gene pool of the species.
question
Natural selection is an evolutionary mechanism by which _______.
answer
b.
advantageous traits become more common in a population
question
The _______ is the total number of organisms that an ecosystem can support.
answer
b.
carrying capacity
question
The events that lead to genetic drift are _______.
answer
b.
random
question
Which of the following limiting factors would be directly affected by a drought?
answer
d.
resource supply
question
Which of the following is not a reason that populations display a regular (evenly spaced) distribution?
answer
d.
social behavior
question
Which method to determine population size is the least invasive?
answer
d.
indirect observation
question
Lions live in groups called prides. Lion populations would most likely fall in which category of population distribution?
answer
c.
clumped
question
Which of the following samples has the greatest population density?
answer
d.
100,000 organisms in 0.5 mi^2
question
Bottleneck events are always caused by the death of most of a species' population.
answer
false
question
What factor creates the most difficulty in predicting the possible consequences of different control methods?
answer
a.
species interactions
question
For which method of determining population size is the population not aware of the sampler's presence?
answer
d.
indirect observation
question
Physical removal of an invasive species is an example of _______.
answer
a.
mechanical control
question
Which of the following is not a reason for cluster distribution of organisms?
answer
d.
territorial behavior
question
Genetic drift is best described as the redistribution of the frequency of gene occurrence in a(n) _______.
answer
a.
population
question
Which of the following is not a possible consequence of the introduction of invasive species?
answer
d.
no consequences
question
These two graphs represent _______ and _______ selection.
answer
b.
stabilizing; disruptive
question
The application of pesticides to control an invasive species is an example of _______.
answer
b.
chemical control
question
The introduction of a virus to control an invasive species is an example of _______.
answer
c.
biological control
question
Directional selection only occurs in response to naturally occurring events.
answer
false
question
The Toba supervolcanic event caused a bottleneck in the human population by _______.
answer
c.
inducing an ice age
question
Yellowstone National Park has an average of about 4500 bison living in it. The park covers 3472 square miles. What is the population density of bison living in Yellowstone?
answer
a.
1.3 bison/mi^2
question
Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning the founder effect?
answer
c.
It results when a small population breaks away from a larger one.
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