Nutrition Chapter 9 Energy Metabolism (quiz)

25 July 2022
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All the chemical and physical processes involved in maintaining life are referred to as ________. anabolism catabolism homeostasis metabolism
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metabolism
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) ________. transports oxygen in various metabolic pathways picks up and delivers hydrogens to acceptor molecules is another form of ATP is a form of lactic acid
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picks up and delivers hydrogens to acceptor molecules
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The energy currency the body uses is ________. NAD FAD TCA ATP
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ATP
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Flavin adenine dinucleotide is a coenzyme form of the vitamin ________. pantothenic acid niacin thiamin riboflavin
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riboflavin
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When a compound is reduced it _____ one or more electrons. loses gains transforms creates
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gains
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Oxidation-reduction reactions in the body are controlled by ________. light and dark cycles enzymes fluid balance protein consumption
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enzymes
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If oxygen is present, metabolism is considered to be ________. active anaerobic aerobic inactive
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aerobic
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In the absence of oxygen, ______ respiration will occur. active anaerobic aerobic inactive
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anaerobic
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Glycolysis is a process involving ________. synthesis of fatty acids reactions that convert glucose to glycogen reactions that convert glucose to pyruvate reactions that convert glycogen to protein
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reactions that convert glucose to pyruvate
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Glycolysis begins with _________ and ends with __________. pyruvate; water pyruvate; glucose glucose; pyruvate pyruvate; acetyl-CoA
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glucose; pyruvate
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In metabolism, glucose is degraded to CO2 and water. The carbon dioxide is produced in ________. the red blood cells the citric acid cycle glycolysis the electron transport chain
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the citric acid cycle
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The citric acid cycle is also known as the ________. urea cycle Krebs cycle menstrual cycle aerobic pathway
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Krebs cycle
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The common pathway for the oxidation of glucose and fatty acids is ________. glycolysis the Cori cycle the citric acid cycle ketosis
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the citric acid cycle
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The major end products of the electron transport chain are ________. water, carbon dioxide and ATP glucose and amino acids dietary fiber and ammonia carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen
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water, CO2, ATP
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In which compartment of the cell do Krebs cycle and fatty acid oxidation take place? cell membrane mitochondria nucleus cytosol
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mitochondria
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Ketosis increases with ________. fasting a low-carbohydrate diet uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus All of these choices are correct
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all are correct
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When there is excess glucose and amino acids in the liver, and no more ATP needs to be synthesized, these energy-rich nutrients are converted to ________. triglycerides pyruvate NAD+ FAD
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triglycerides
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Before protein becomes an energy source, the _________ must be removed from the molecule. COOH CH3 NH2 CO2
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NH2
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Gluconeogenesis is the process whereby the body ________. converts glucose to its storage form retrieves stored glucose from the liver lowers the glucose level of the blood produces glucose from amino acid and glycerol molecules
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produces glucose from amino acid and glycerol molecules
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The process of simply losing an amine group from amino acids is called: ________. deamination desaturation beta oxidation denaturation
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deamination
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In the metabolism of amino acids for energy, the amine group is ________. stored in the liver converted to glucose excreted as urea burned for energy
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excreted as urea
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Metabolism is regulated by ________. hormones such as insulin the presence and activity of enzymes ATP levels in the individual cells All of these choices are correct
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all of these are correct
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Which of the following energy-yielding nutrients can be converted to glucose? carbohydrates lipids proteins carbohydrates and proteins
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carbohydrates and proteins
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Glycolysis is the process by which ________. fatty acids break apart to form acetyl-CoA glucose breaks apart to form pyruvate amino groups move from a donor to an acceptor NADH + H+ and FADH2 are converted to NAD+ and FAD, donating electrons and hydrogen ions to oxygen energy derived from NADH + H+ and FADH2 is used to generate ATP
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glucose breaks apart to form pyruvate
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Electron transport is the process by which ________. fatty acids break apart to form acetyl-CoA glucose breaks apart to form pyruvate amino groups move from a donor to an acceptor NADH + H+ and FADH2 are converted to NAD+ and FAD, donating electrons and hydrogen ions to oxygen energy derived from NADH + H+ and FADH2 is used to generate ATP
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NADH + H+ and FADH2 are converted to NAD+ and FAD, donating electrons and hydrogen ions to oxygen