Microbiology Quiz Chapter 22

Bacterial encephalitis and meningitis are difficult to treat because A) antibiotics damage nervous tissue. B) many antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier. C) no medications exist for treatment of these infections. D) it is very difficult to determine the causative microbe. E) the infections move along peripheral nerves.

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT A) Streptococcus pneumoniae. B) Cryptococcus neoformans. C) Neisseria meningitidis. D) Clostridium botulinum E) Haemophilus influenzae.

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE? A) It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. B) It is encapsulated. C) It is a gram-positive anaerobe. D) A healthy carrier state can exist. E) Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Neisseria meningitidis — produces deadly endotoxins B) Clostiridum tetani — gram-negative rod C) Haemophilus influenzae — virulence due to capsule D) Naegleria fowleri — causes amoebic encephalitis

All of the following organisms are correctly matched to the recommended treatment EXCEPT A) Mycobacterium leprae — dapsone. B) Cryptococcus neoformans — amphotericin B. C) Neisseria meningitidis — cephalosporins. D) Haemophilus influenzae — cephalosporins. E) poliovirus — amphotericin B.

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE? A) It can be associated with hypersalivation. B) Most infections in the U.S. are the result of bites from infected dogs. C) Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. D) Post-exposure prophylaxis includes immune globulin and vaccination E) Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection.

A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions. On examination, she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Any of the following organisms could be responsible for her symptoms EXCEPT A) Listeria monocytogenes. B) Clostridium botulinum. C) Haemophilus influenza. D) Any of these organisms could be the causative agent. E) Streptococcus pneumoniae.

The prodromal (i.e. pre-acute disease stage) symptoms of bacterial meningitis is/are A) mild cold symptoms. B) stiff neck and back pains. C) fever and headache. D) convulsions.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) meningococcal meningitis — respiratory route B) listeriosis — ingestion C) rabies — direct contact D) poliomyelitis — respiratory route E) leprosy — direct contact

A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions. On examination, she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Which of the following is most likely to provide rapid identification of the cause of her symptoms? A) Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid B) check serum antibodies C) Gram stain of throat culture D) biopsy of brain tissue E) None of these would provide rapid identification.

An eight-year-old girl in rural Wisconsin has chills, headache, and fever and reports having been bitten by mosquitoes. How would you confirm your diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis? A) Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid B) examination of local mosquitoes C) brain biopsy for Negri bodies D) ELISA test for IgM antibodies

Arboviruses cause ________ and are transmitted by ________. A) meningitis; bee stings B) meningitis; mosquitoes C) encephalitis; dog bites D) encephalitis; mosquitoes

Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by A) mosquito bites. B) exposure to bird droppings. C) swimming in warm ponds or streams. D) exposure to body fluids of a contaminated individual. E) ingestion of water contaminated with fecal material.

Which of the following is treated with antibiotics? A) tetanus B) streptococcal pneumonia C) botulism D) polio E) All of these diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics.

Which one of the following causes the most severe illness in humans, with a mortality rate of 30 percent? A) western equine encephalitis B) eastern equine encephalitis C) St. Louis encephalitis D) West Nile encephalitis E) California encephalitis

Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram-positive rods. What is the organism? A) Listeria B) Naegleria C) Neisseria D) Streptococcus E) Haemophilus

Vaccination is available for all the following EXCEPT A) tetanus. B) botulism. C) Haemophilus meningitis. D) Neisseria meningitis. E) rabies.

All of the following are acquired by ingestion EXCEPT A) poliomyelitis. B) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. C) listeriosis. D) cryptococcosis. E) botulism.

A one-year-old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated Gram-negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by A) Haemophilus influenzae. B) rabies. C) Clostridium tetani. D) a prion. E) Neisseria meningitidis.

Drugs can cross the blood-brain barrier ONLY if they are A) large-molecular-weight molecules. B) small-molecular-weight molecules. C) lipid-soluble. D) water-soluble.