Chapter 20 Microbiology

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is A. found in soil and water. B. an opportunist that produces many diverse enzymes C. highly chemical resistant. D. motile. E. All of the choices are correct.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes all the following, except A. severe nosocomial infection in burn patients. B. skin rashes from contaminated hot tubs and bath sponges. C. diarrheal illness. D. external ear infection. E. serious infection in lung tissue of cystic fibrosis patients.

Which color pigment is produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa? A. Lemon yellow B. Red-orange C. Golden D. Blue-green E. Pale orange

Brucellosis is A. a zoonosis. B. seen in the patient as a fluctuating fever, with headache, muscle pain, and weakness. C. associated with pathogen in the blood. D. an occupational illness of people that work with animals. E. All of the choices are correct.

Which is not associated with tularemia? A. listed as a pathogen of concern on the lists of bioterrorism agents B. transmitted by arthropod vector C. reservoir can be rabbits and squirrels D. symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, ulcerative lesions, conjunctivitis, and pneumonia E. in animals, infects the placenta and fetus

Pasteurization of milk helps to prevent A. tularemia. B. pertussis. C. Legionellosis. D. brucellosis. E. shigellosis

Rabbits and rodents are the reservoirs of the causative agent of A. tularemia. B. pertussis. C. Legionellosis. D. brucellosis. E. shigellosis.

Pertussis has the following characteristics, except: A. pathogen has virulence factors to destroy the action of respiratory cilia. B. catarrhal stage has persistent, hacking coughs with "whoops". C. early stage resembles a cold with nasal discharge and sneezing. D. DTaP immunization will prevent it. E. transmission is by respiratory droplets.

Legionella pneumophila A. requires special lab growth media. B. often lives in close associations with amoebas. C. causes fever, cough, and diarrhea. D. causes a severe pneumonia. E. All of the choices are correct.

Characteristics of all the members of the family Enterobacteriaceae include A. ferment lactose. B. are normal flora of human intestines. C. produce enterotoxins. D. ferment glucose. E. All of the choices are correct.

Which disease involves transmission by aerosolized water from whirlpool spas, air conditioners, cooling towers, and supermarket vegetable misters? A. Legionellosis B. Pertussis C. Brucellosis D. Plague E. Traveler's diarrhea

Which is the most common type of virulence gene transferred between fecal bacteria? A. toxin production B. capsules C. fimbriae D. hemolysins E. All of the above

Which is mismatched? A. H antigen - fimbriae B. K antigen - capsule C. O antigen - cell wall, somatic D. All of the choices are correct. E. None of the choices are correct.

Escherichia coli infections A. are often transmitted by fecal contaminated water and food. B. include urinary tract infections from normal flora strains. C. involve enterotoxin in traveler's diarrhea. D. can cause an inflammatory disease similar to Shigella dysentery. E. All of the choices are correct.

E. coli 0157:H7 characteristics include all the following, except: A. it only causes occupational illness in people who work with animals. B. it is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated, undercooked food, especially hamburger. C. it causes a bloody diarrhea. D. it is reservoir is cattle intestines. E. some cases go on to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) with possible kidney failure.

Salmonella are A. coliforms. B. motile. C. gram positive rods. D. lactose fermenters. E. All of the choices are correct.

All of the following are coliforms that cause opportunistic and nosocomial infections, except: A. Enterobacter. B. Citrobacter. C. Shigella. D. Klebsiella. E. Serratia

Typhoid fever has the following characteristics, except A. it is spread by ingestion of food contaminated with animal feces. B. it is transmitted by ingesting fecal contaminated food and water. C. it can cause chronic carriers to have pathogens in their gallbladder. D. it can infect the small intestine with fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. E. it can become a septicemia, spread to lymph nodes and spleen, and cause liver abscesses.

Salmonelloses are A. not caused by Salmonella typhi. B. associated with undercooked poultry and eggs, and reptile and rodent feces. C. gastroenteritis with vomiting and diarrhea. D. enteric fevers that often include septicemia. E. All of the choices are correct.

Which is incorrect about shigellosis? A. outbreaks have occurred in day care centers B. it is watery diarrhea with bloody, mucoid stools, and abdominal cramps C. it frequently involves septicemia D. human carriers cause fecal transmission E. it is also called bacillary dysentery

Shigella species have the following characteristics, except: A. not motile B. release endotoxin C. belong to Enterobacteriaceae D. infect the small intestine E. produce enterotoxin

Salmonella typhi A. multiplies within phagocytes. B. is not a coliform. C. can be treated with antimicrobics. D. causes invasive infection of the small intestine. E. All of the choices are correct.

Yersinia pestis A. was virulent in the Middle Ages but is no longer virulent. B. has humans as an endemic reservoir. C. does not respond to antimicrobic drugs. D. is usually transmitted by a flea vector. E. All of the choices are correct.

All of the following are associated with bubonic plague, except A. it is transmitted by human feces. B. it is caused by Yersinia pestis. C. the patient often has enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. D. the patient has fever, headache, nausea, weakness. E. it can progress to a septicemia.

Which is incorrect about Yersinia pestis? A. exhibit bipolar staining B. gram-negative rod C. produces coagulase D. has a capsule E. produces enterotoxin

Plague includes: A. septicemic form - called Black Death. B. bubonic form - buboes develop. C. pneumonic form - sputum highly contagious. D. disease control - control of rodent population. E. All of the choices are correct.

The gram-negative bacillus associated with abscesses from dog and cat bites or scratches is A. Salmonella typhimurium. B. Yersinia enterocolitica. C. Pasteurella multocida. D. Brucella suis. E. Francisella tularensis.

Which fastidious genus requires hemin (X factor) and NAD (X factor) in its growth medium? A. Legionella B. Haemophilus C. Brucella D. Shigella E. All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following is not caused by Haemophilus influenzae? A. bacterial meningitis B. influenza (flu) C. otitis media D. bronchitis E. epiglottitis

Which of the following is an agent of the sexually transmitted disease chancroid? A. Haemophilus aegyptius B. Haemophilus influenzae C. Haemophilus parainfluenzae D. Haemophilus ducreyi E. Haemophilus aphrophilus

The vaccine for immunity to Haemophilus influenzae serotype b is A. DtaP. B. Pneumovax. C. MMR. D. Hib. E. None of the choices are correct.

Although Burkholderia cepacia could be very useful in bioremediation programs, it is not feasible to use it. Why? A. Because it can cause opportunistic infections in the respiratory tract. B. Because it cannot be cultured in the lab to necessary numbers. C. Because it is too expensive at this time to grow it. D. It encourages the overgrowth of fungus in the environment, which is not desirable. E. It produces a foul odor making it a poor choice for most situations.

Which of the following is normal oral and nasopharyngeal flora but is involved in infective endocarditis in adults who have underlying congenital or rheumatic heart disease? A. Haemophilus influenzae B. Haemophilus aphrophilus C. Haemophilus aegyptius D. Haemophilus ducreyi E. All of the choices are correct.

A cause of epiglottitis in children and young adults is A. Haemophilus influenzae. B. Haemophilus ducreyi. C. Haemophilus aegyptius. D. Haemophilus parainfluenzae. E. Haemophilus aphrophilus.

Characteristics of chancroid include: A. sexually transmitted B. occurs mostly in the tropics and subtropics C. lesion develops at portal of entry D. bubo like swelling of the lymph nodes E. All of the choices are correct.

All of the following are correct about salmonelloses except A. non-typhoidal strains of salmonella are zoonotic in origin B. foods contaminated by rodent feces may cause outbreaks. C. outbreaks have been caused by eggs. D. drug resistance of salmonella is on the rise. E. strains are normal flora in dogs and cats.

Nationwide, over 100,000 patients a year die from septic shock. This is due to A. the presence of lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane. B. lipoteichoic acid in the cell wall. C. a cytotoxin similar to the diphtheria toxin. D. coagulase. E. a neurotoxin similar to botulin.

Which of the following are symptoms of septic shock? A. Tachycardia B. Reduced blood flow to vital organs C. Respiratory failure D. Weak pulse E. All of the choices are correct.

What is incorrect about pertussis? A. A virulence factor of B. pertussis is toxins that destroy cilia cells is produced. B. The source of infection is direct contact with inhaled droplets. C. The paroxysmal stage is characterized by persistent coughing. D. The number of cases is steadily decreasing since 1976. E. It can cause severe, life-threatening complications in babies.

The buildup of mucus and blockage of airways in pertussis is due to A. endotoxin B. lipopolysaccharide. C. toxins that destroy the ciliated cells of the respiratory tract. D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. E. the presence of a capsule.

Which of the following species was once considered so benign that microbiologists used it to trace movements of air currents in hospitals and over cities? A. Morganella B. Providenci C. Citrobacter D. Serratia E. Legionella