PSYCH 101 Mods 1-4

The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how a.) feelings are influenced by blood chemistry. b.) people try to understand their own unconscious motives. c.) behavior is influenced by environmental conditions. d.) people encode, process, store, and retrieve information.

A descriptive technique of monitoring and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to change or control the situation is called a.) random sampling. b.) Correct naturalistic observation. c.) replication. d.) the double-blind procedure.

The median of a distribution of scores is the a.) most frequently occurring score. b.) difference between the highest and lowest scores. c.) arithmetic average of all the scores. d.) middle score in a distribution of scores.

Which of the following is true for those assigned to a control group? a.)The experimenter exerts the greatest influence on participants' behavior. b.)The research participants are exposed to all the different experimental treatments. c.) The research participants are exposed to the most favorable levels of experimental treatment. d.) The experimental treatment is absent.

When every individual in a large population has a small but equal chance of being included in a survey, researchers are using a procedure known as a.) the case study. b.) the double-blind procedure. c.) random sampling. d. naturalistic observation.

Cognitive neuroscience studies relationships between Correct thought processes and brain functions. Answers: a.) natural selection and genetic predispositions. b.) childhood memories and psychological disorders. c.) thought processes and brain functions. d.) philosophy and physiology.

Which perspective highlights the reproductive advantages of inherited psychological traits? a.) evolutionary b.) cognitive c.) behavioral d.) social-cultural

The explanatory power of a scientific theory is most closely linked to its capacity to generate testable a.) assumptions. b.) correlations. c.) predictions. d.) variables.

Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on sexual preferences and behavior patterns. Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ________ perspective. a.) behavior genetics b.) psychodynamic c.) behavioral d.) cognitive

Clinical psychologists specialize in a.) constructing surveys. b.) animal research. c.) providing therapy to troubled people. d.) providing drugs to treat behavioral disorders.

Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables? a.) -0.12 b.) -0.99 c.) +0.25 d.) -0.50

The biggest danger of relying on case-study evidence is that it a.) is based on naturalistic observation. b.) may be unrepresentative of what is generally true. c.) overestimates the importance of operational definitions. d.) leads us to underestimate the causal relationships between events.

Which psychologists are MOST likely to be involved in applied research? a.) industrial-organizational psychologists b.) developmental psychologists c.) personality psychologists d.) biological psychologists

The mean of a distribution of scores is the a.) most frequently occurring score. b.) Correct arithmetic average of all the scores. c.) least frequently occurring score. d.) score exceeded by 50 percent of all the scores.

A statement describing the exact procedures for measuring an anticipated experimental outcome is known as a(n) a.) hypothesis. b.) control condition. c.) replication. d.) operational definition.

In which type of research would an investigator manipulate one factor and observe its effect on some behavior or mental process? a.) the survey b.) the case study c.) experimentation d.) naturalistic observation

The case study is a research method in which a.) a single individual or group is studied in great depth b.) a representative sample of people are questioned regarding their opinions or behaviors. c.) organisms are carefully observed in a laboratory environment. d.) an investigator manipulates one or more variables that might affect behavior.

Functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the a.) adaptive value of thoughts and behaviors. b.) component elements of sensory experience. c.) disruptive effects of unconscious motives. d.) treatment of psychological disorders.