PSY241 chap 11

14 May 2023
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question
Tina is just learning to read. It takes a lot of work for her to read even one sentence because she needs to sound out every word. After a while Tina will be able to read without thinking about the words. She will then be able to concentrate on the concepts of the text. _____ allows Tina to become a more skilled reader.
answer
automatization
question
Madeline is 9 years old and considered obese. While her parents acknowledge that they could adopt a healthier lifestyle, they blame genetics for her weight problem. How many genes are estimated to influence Madeline's weight?
answer
200
question
Often a symptom can have multiple causes. This is known as _____.
answer
equifinality
question
William was doing a class report on asthma and learned that several factors may contribute to its development, including all of the following EXCEPT _____.
answer
sunlight
question
How long it takes to respond to a stimulus is referred to as _____.
answer
reaction time
question
The belief that children's immune systems need to be exposed to viruses and bacteria in order to strengthen them, but that children are overprotected from this exposure, is called the _____.
answer
hygiene hypothesis
question
A cause can have many final manifestations. This is referred to as _____.
answer
multifinality
question
A marked delay in a particular area of learning that is not caused by an apparent physical disability, by mental retardation, or by an unusually stressful home environment is referred to as _____.
answer
a learning disability
question
Seven-year-old Henry has been diagnosed with both ADHD and bipolar disorder. Which term applies to Henry having both conditions?
answer
comorbidity
question
Which factor contributes to the decline in neighborhood play among children?
answer
a scarcity of empty lots and open areas
question
For a class project, Casey is asked to identify why there has been a decrease in the number of deaths among children in recent decades. His research discovered that all of these factors were related to a lower death rate among children EXCEPT _____.
answer
more physical activity
question
Jim has struggled with reading throughout his school experience, and has fallen far behind his peers. Based on this, his teacher recommends that Jim be evaluated for _____.
answer
a learning disability
question
Obesity has increased because it is common for _____.
answer
for preschoolers to watch tv and drink soda
question
Nine-year-old Brian was invited to be part of the basketball team but his friend Alex was not. Brian thinks that Alex is a good basketball player. Brian is evaluating the situation and trying to decide if it was fair. What helps Brian with this decision is _____.
answer
massive interconnectivity of the brain
question
Physical activity can benefit children in all of the following ways EXCEPT by improving _____.
answer
oral health practices
question
Eight-year-old Molly is able to listen to her teacher and concentrate on what she is saying even when her friends are talking around her. Molly is able to do this because of an improvement in _____.
answer
selective attention
question
Which of the following is most often seen in children who are obese?
answer
HIGH levels of cholesterol
question
David is excitable, impulsive, and very active. He also has great difficulty concentrating. He MOST likely has _____.
answer
ADHD
question
Treatment of childhood disorders can be difficult because _____.
answer
symptoms can change with age
question
Children who are diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder can vary in the type and range of symptoms they display, but all children with an autism spectrum disorder have _____.
answer
difficulty understanding emotions
question
Ten-year-old Wilson experiences extreme mood swings that do not seem to be influenced by life circumstances. At times he has told his parents that his teachers are idiots and he is smarter than all of them, and at other times he has so little energy he cannot get out of bed. Wilson may be diagnosed with _____.
answer
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
question
When comparing the growth of children from ages 6 to 11 to infants or adolescents, one notices that children _____.
answer
grow slowly and steadily
question
Jane is in the third grade but reads at the level of a preschooler. Jane's teacher thinks that she reverses letters and may have _____.
answer
dyslexia
question
The health habits that children develop during the middle childhood years are _____.
answer
related to their health in adolescence and adulthood
question
Monica brought her 10-year-old son to see the doctor because he was having problems breathing. The doctor informed Monica that her son had inflammation of the airways. Monica's son was diagnosed with _____.
answer
asthma