PHYS PhysioEx Exercise 2

25 July 2022
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53 test answers

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question
Which of the following occurs during isotonic concentric contraction?
answer
The length of the muscle decreases with contraction.
question
Which of the following occurs during the latent period of isotonic concentric contraction?
answer
Muscle tension is produced, and the weight will not move
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The speed of muscle contraction is called the _______.
answer
shortening velocity
question
For a weight to be lifted, which of the following must occur?
answer
An isotonic muscle contraction with a force greater than the load
question
d to be lifted increases in weight, the latent period _______.
answer
increases
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The shortest duration of muscle contraction occurs with _______.
answer
the heaviest load
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The velocity of shortening _______.
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decreased as the weight increased and increased as the weight decreased
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As the weight increased, the distance the weight was lifted _______.
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decreased until the weight was not moved at all
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Which of the following occurs if the load attempted is equal to or greater than the force generated by a muscle?
answer
Isometric muscle contraction occurs
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The resting length of the muscle _______.
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occurs when the muscle is relaxed
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The graph of the length-tension relationship illustrates _______.
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the optimal sarcomere length for muscle contraction and the amount of overlap between the thick and thin filaments in the resting muscle
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Which of the following is generated when cross-bridges form between actin and myosin?
answer
active force
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Which of the following describes the relationship between length and tension?
answer
The active force can increase or decrease, depending on the starting resting length of the muscle.
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Why does the active force of skeletal muscle change with the muscle's resting length?
answer
The number of cross-bridges between actin and myosin varies
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Which starting length of the muscle provided the maximum total force?
answer
the longest starting length
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At which muscle length was the passive force the greatest?
answer
100 mm
question
Which of the following is matched correctly?
answer
complete tetanus - fused tetanus
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Which of the following situations delay the development of muscle fatigue the longest?
answer
Consistent interruptions of muscle stimulation
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Which of the following molecules is NOT thought to accumulate during muscle fatigue?
answer
ATP
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During muscle fatigue, the ____________ decreases.
answer
force of contraction
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In this activity, why did the muscle force decrease over time?
answer
Muscle fatigue developed
question
Which of the following describes how increasing the duration of the rest period affected muscle tension?
answer
Increasing the duration of the rest period increased the duration of the subsequent maximal tension
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What might be occurring on a molecular level during the rest periods?
answer
Intracellular ADP and inorganic phosphate are decreasing
question
Which of the following does NOT describe tetanus?
answer
The muscle relaxes fully between contractions.
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Which of the following is true of the maximum stimulus frequency?
answer
No greater muscle force can be generated and the muscle has reached maximal tetanic tension
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Muscle twitches overlap with _______.
answer
both fused and unfused tetanus
question
Treppe is the phenomenon that results in _______.
answer
a progressive increase in the force generated with repetitive stimulation
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When the frequency of stimulation of a muscle is great enough, _______.
answer
wave summation results and muscle twitches overlap
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When wave summation occurs, _______.
answer
the muscle force generated increases
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Why does wave summation occur?
answer
Muscle fibers are partially contracted when the next stimulus arrives
question
Which of the following would result in fused or unfused tetanus compared to a single muscle twitch?
answer
increasing the stimulus frequency
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To transition from unfused tetanus to fused tetanus, _______.
answer
stimulus frequency increased
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Which of the following describes the relationship between stimulus frequency and muscle tension?
answer
When stimulus frequency increases, muscle tension increases to a maximum value
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At what stimulus frequency was maximal tetanic tension developed?
answer
146 stimuli/sec
question
Which of the following produced an increase in stimulus intensity?
answer
increasing the voltage applied
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Which of the following produced an increase in stimulus frequency?
answer
clicking the mouse in rapid succession
question
Which of the following does NOT describe treppe?
answer
An increase in stimulus intensity is required to see the effect
question
Which of the following is proportional to the amount of tension produced by a skeletal muscle?
answer
the number of motor units activated
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NO force is generated during which of the following?
answer
the latent period
question
What is the minimum voltage needed to generate active force in the skeletal muscle?
answer
threshold voltage
question
A motor unit is defined as _______.
answer
the axon terminals of a single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it stimulates
question
Which of the following terms are NOT used interchangeably?
answer
motor unit - motor neuron
question
Which of the following is NOT a phase of a muscle twitch?
answer
shortening phase
question
Where does the acetylcholine that stimulates muscle contraction bind?
answer
receptors in the motor end plate
question
When acetylcholine binds to its receptors, it results in __________.
answer
the end plate potential, a graded depolarization, and a change in ion permeability
question
In the lab, a researcher finds that the threshold stimulus to induce an action potential in a muscle fiber's sarcolemma was 3.0 volts. Which of the following would result in muscle tension?
answer
3.0 volts and 4.0 volts
question
Increasing the applied voltage in the simulation corresponds to which in vivo event?
answer
motor unit recruitment
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As the stimulus voltage increased, the resulting muscle tension _______.
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increased to a point until it reached a plateau
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Which of the following occurs during the contraction phase?
answer
Cross-bridge cycling is taking place
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Which of the following occurs during the latent period of muscle contraction?
answer
Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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As the stimulus voltage was increased in this activity, which of the following occurred?
answer
The muscle force generated increased
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Which of the following describes the relaxation phase?
answer
The sarcomeres are increasing in length, and the force generated decreases
question
Which of the following can trigger a muscle twitch?
answer
release of acetylcholine or electrical stimulation