MET 1010: Chapter Seven

25 July 2022
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question
Which below best describes the solute effect?
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Substances dissolved in a droplet can enhance or retard growth of the droplet.
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Which statement below best describes the curvature effect?
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Small droplets evaporate more quickly than large droplets.
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Condensation onto hygroscopic nuclei is possible at relative humidities less than 100 percent due to the:
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solute effect.
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Which of the following is NOT an important factor in the production of rain by the collision-coalescence process?
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The number of ice crystals in the cloud.
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Which cloud type below will only produce precipitation by the collision-coalescence process?
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A thick, warm cumulus cloud.
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Large raindrops fall ______ than smaller raindrops, and have a ______ terminal velocity than small raindrops.
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faster, greater
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Which cloud would most likely produce drizzle?
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Stratus.
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The merging of liquid cloud droplets by collision is called:
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coalescence.
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If you observe large raindrops hitting the ground, you could probably say that the cloud overhead was ______ and had ______ updrafts.
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thick, strong
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If rain falls on one side of a street on one side of a street and not on the other side, the rain most likely fell from a:
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cumulonimbus cloud.
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During the ice crystal process of rain formation:
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ice crystals grow larger at the expense of the surrounding liquid cloud droplets.
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The temperature at which you would expect a cloud to become completely glaciated is:
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-40 degrees C.
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Homogenous nucleation occurs when:
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randomly moving atoms form clusters above threshold.
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When only ice crystals exist in a cloud, the cloud is said to be:
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glaciated.
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Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
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Ice nuclei are more plentiful in the atmosphere than condensation nuclei.
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Ice nuclei may be:
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ice crystals, certain clay minerals, bacteria in decaying plant leaf matter, etc.
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Supercooled cloud droplets are:
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liquid droplets observed at temperatures below 0 degrees C.
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At the same sub-freezing temperature, the saturation vapor pressure just above a liquid water surface is ______ than the saturation vapor pressure above an ice surface.
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greater
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Contact nucleation is:
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involved in contact freezing. (Can be just about any substance)
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The growth of a precipitation particle by the collision of an ice crystal (or snowflake) with a supercooled liquid droplet is called:
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accretion.
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Cloud seeding using silver iodide only works in:
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cold clouds composed of ice crystals and supercooled droplets.
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Which of the following conditions would be most suitable for natural cloud seeding by ice crystals?
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A cirriform cloud lying directly above a lower cloud deck.
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What are the two main substances used in cloud seeding?
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Silver iodide and dry ice.
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After a rainstorm, visibility typically:
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improves.
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Rain which falls from a cloud but evaporates before reaching the ground is referred to as:
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virga.
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The most common ice crystal shape is:
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dendrite.
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Fall streaks usually ______ before reaching the ground.
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sublimate
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Snowflakes or ice crystals falling from high cirriform clouds are called:
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fall streaks.
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A light shower of snow that falls intermittently from cumuliform clouds for a short duration is known as:
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flurry.
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The creaking sound produced by walking on snow is most common on:
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new snow when the air temperature is below -10 degrees C.
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Which below best describes why a fluffy covering of snow is able to protect sensitive plants and their root systems from damaging low temperatures?
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Snow is a good insulator.
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Large, heavy snowflakes are associated with:
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moist air and temperatures near freezing.
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Fall streaks most often form with:
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cirrus clouds.
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A true blizzard is characterized by:
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low temperature, strong winds, reduced visibility, blowing snow.
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The largest snowflakes would probably be observed in ______ air whose temperature is ______ freezing.
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moist, near
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In order for falling snowflakes to survive in air with temperatures much above freezing,
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the air must be unsaturated and the wet-bulb temperature must be at or below freezing.
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In the winter you read in the newspaper that a large section of the Midwest is without power due to downed power lines. Which form of precipitation would most likely produce this situation?
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Freezing rain.
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Which is NOT a correct association?
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IDK
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Which of the following might be mistaken from hail?
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Graupel.
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A raindrop or partially melted snowflake that freezes into a pellet of ice in a deep subfreezing layer of air near the surface is called:
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sleet.
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Which type of precipitation would most likely form when the surface air temperature is slightly below freezing and the air temperature increases as you move upward away from the ground?
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Freezing rain.
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The primary method used in preventing the growth of large, destructive hailstones is to inject a thunderstorm with large quantities of:
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silver iodide.
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Hail deposited in a long narrow band is known as a:
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hailstreak.
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Precipitation with the greatest size (diameter) is:
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hailstone.
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Glaze is another name for:
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freezing rain.
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You would use a wooden stick to measure rainfall in the:
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standard rain gauge.
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An amount of precipitation measured to be less than one hundredth of an inch (0.25 mm) is called:
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trace.
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If a city were to receive 1/2 inch of rain in the morning and then 5 inches of snow that afternoon, about how much precipitation would the weather service report for that day?
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1 inch.
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After a snowstorm, the newspaper reports that Buffalo, New York, received 1.5 inches of precipitation. If we assume an average water equivalent ratio for this snowstorm, then Buffalo received about:
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15 inches of snow.
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On average, the water equivalent of 10 inches of snow is about:
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1 inch of water.
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Radar gathers information about precipitation in clouds by measuring the:
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amount of energy reflected back to a transmitter.
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In a typical advancing winter storm, which of the following sequences of precipitation types is most likely to occur?
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Rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow.
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Freshly fallen snow can absorb sound waves.
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True.
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The main difference between a cloud drop and a rain drop is its:
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size.
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A typical raindrop is about ______ that of a typical cloud droplet.
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a million times
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Saturation vapor pressure increases as temperature increases.
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True.
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Large cloud droplets fall faster than small cloud droplets because:
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the ratio of the drop's surface area to weight is smaller.
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The lightest form of rain is:
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drizzle.
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The difference in saturation vapor pressure between supercooled water and ice reaches a maximum at about -12°C. This means that the ice crystal process will be most effective in producing precipitation when cloud temperatures are around:
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-12°C.
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Satellites measure rainfall from space using which instrument?
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Radar.