Mastering Biology Chapter 18

In the shotgun approach to whole-genome sequencing (shotgun sequencing), random DNA fragments of a chromosome are sequenced. The fragment sequences are then assembled into a continuous sequence that represents the DNA of the entire chromosome. What are the steps in the shotgun approach to whole-genome sequencing? Drag the labels to their appropriate locations on the flowchart. Only some labels will be used.

In the last step of shotgun sequencing, a computer analyzes a large number of fragment sequences to determine the DNA sequence of a whole chromosome. Given the following fragment sequences, what is the overall DNA sequence? Sequences of DNA fragments GATGAC CGATGCG GGCGTCAG GACATGGC TCAGTCGA Enter the complete DNA sequence, which should contain 24 bases.

The number of genes correlates with __________.

What type of noncoding DNA composes the largest portion of multicellular eukaryotic genomes?

How has gene duplication played a critical role in evolution?

Which of these characteristics affects the diffusion oxygen into the icefish's blood?

Icefish live in very cold waters (-1.8 degrees Celsius) where temperatures are below blood's freezing point. Which statements are true about icefish adaptations for cold water?

Which statement is true of the Notothenioids?

How did the icefish antifreeze gene arise?

Which of the following are true of the "death" of the icefish globin gene?

A strong selective pressure (like very cold water) can __________.

Compare the "birth" and "death" of icefish genes.

If the template strand has two or more identical nucleotides in a row, their complementary nucleotides will be added one after the other in the same flow step. The labels on the vertical axis of the flow-gram indicate how many of the same nucleotide in a row are detected; for example, where a peak for C extends into the 3 region, it indicates 3 Cs in a row, or CCC. How are two or more of the same nucleotide (in a row) detected in the flow-gram?

What are the first 11 nucleotides in the flow-gram shown, starting from the left? Enter your answer without spaces. (Ignore the very short lines.)

Which of the following is likely to contain the most acrylamide?

You are a plant geneticist and wish to alter strawberries using the same technique as was used for the Innate Potato. Which of the following do you use?

A genetically modified variety of tomato is created and approved for human consumption. Which of the following is most likely to not support this?

Why was Simplot interested in creating a potato that produced less acrylamide?

You are interested in trying an Innate Potato. Where are you most likely to find one?

What is proteomics?

What is bioinformatics?

What characteristic of short tandem repeat DNA makes it useful for DNA fingerprinting?

The figure shows a diagram of blocks of genes on human chromosome 16 and the locations of blocks of similar genes on four chromosomes of the mouse. In opposite to human genes, similar genes in mouse chromosomes are located on different chromosomes and some of them changed their location. the figure shows a diagram of blocks of genes on human chromosome 16 and the locations of blocks of similar genes on four chromosomes of the mouse. What does the movement of these blocks in the genomes suggest?

What is the goal of comparative genomic studies? to identify genes that are important for evolution of a particular species to identify homologues in model organisms for genes involved in human disease to study how genomes evolve to study genetic variation within a species or a population

Homeotic genes __________.