Humanities Chap 7

26 August 2022
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Both Siena and Florence are located
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in the region of Tuscany.
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Why were Siena's guilds able to rise to such levels of power?
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Siena was an important manufacturing city.
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Florence's wealth based largely on
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textile production.
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By the end of the fourteenth century, why had Florence become an important banking city?
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The pope conferred Siena's papal banking privileges on Florence.
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Who in Florence was eligible to serve in the government?
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only guild members
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Giotto's Madonna Enthroned with Saints and Angels is more naturalistic than earlier paintings, owing to the
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use of light to create contours and substantial figures.
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In the Arena Chapel frescoes, Giotto deliberately abandons Byzantine balance and symmetry to
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make the scenes look more realistic.
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Buon fresco has the advantage of
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being less likely to flake than fresco secco.
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Dante Alighieri composed his Divine Comedy in the vernacular to
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protest the formal language of the Church.
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In the Inferno, Dante places Judas, Brutus, and Cassius in the lowest level of his hell, because they
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were traitors.
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The ten storytellers in Boccaccio's Decameron leave Florence for a country estate to
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escape the Black Death
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In the Decameron, Boccaccio introduces into Western literature the literary convention of
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social realism
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Petrarch perfected the literary form of
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the Italian sonnet
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Some people refer to the Canterbury Tales as an "estates satire" because it
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provides a critique of social relations of the day.
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Why did Christine de Pizan become the first female professional writer in European history?
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As a widow, she needed to support her family.
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Why were England and France fighting in the Hundred Years' War?
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England wanted to claim Normandy from the French.
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The main charge for which Joan of Arc was tried and executed was
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cross dressing
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According to the chapter text, a positive effect of the bubonic plague was that
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per capita wealth increased.
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The word "Renaissance" means
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"rebirth."
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Lorenzo Ghiberti's winning design for the doors of the Florence Baptistery differs from Filippo Brunelleschi's in that the
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main action is on the side, not in the center.
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Lorenzo Ghiberti created a vivid sense of real space in his design by
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using foreshortening.
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The first to master the principle of scientific perspective was
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Filippo Brunelleschi.
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In-Depth Study Question: How did Filippo Brunelleschi construct his dome without temporary wooden scaffolding?
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The dome's ribs function as support, so scaffolding is part of the design.
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Dufay's Nuper rosarum flores repeats the fixed melody on 6, 4, 2, and 3 units per breve to
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mirror the proportions of Solomon's Temple and the Florence Cathedral.
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Masaccio places the vanishing point in The Tribute Money behind Christ's head to
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identify Christ as the fresco's most important figure
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Donatello's David holds the distinction of being the first
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life-size freestanding male nude since antiquity.
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Donatello depicts David as a young adolescent
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to symbolize Florence's youthful vitality and ability to conquer tyrants.
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The Medici were the most powerful family in Florence from 1418 to 1494, because they
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were bankers to the papacy.
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Cosimo de' Medici founded Florence's Platonic Academy to
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provide a place for the study and discussion of Plato's works.
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The humanists in Lorenzo's court have viewed Venus in Botticelli's Primavera as
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an allegory for the highest moral qualities.
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According to Pico della Mirandola in the Oration on the Dignity of Man, humans are "the most fortunate of living things," because of their great gift of
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free will.
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Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper fresco is unique for its
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psychological realism
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In Mona Lisa, Leonardo achieved the sfumato effect by
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building up color with many layers of transparent oil paint.
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Michelangelo represented David before, not after, his triumph over Goliath primarily to
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emphasize David's confidence
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Why was Michelangelo's David not placed on the Florence Cathedral's facade as was originally planned?
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It could not be lifted there due to its size.
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Why did Medici supporters hurl stones at Michelangelo's David as it was moved through the streets?
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They understood David's symbolism of the city standing up to tyrants.
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In-Depth Study Question: Composed polyponic music for the Sistine Chapel.
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Palestrina
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In-Depth Study Question: His works include one of the earliest masses, La Messe De Notre Dame.
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Guillaume de Machaut
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n-Depth Study Question: Last castrato to sing in the Papal C
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Alessandro Moreschi
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In-Depth Study Question: Associated with the beginning of the construction of the Sistine Chapel that was named after him.
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Sixtus IV