CHM2211L Final Prelab/Postlab Questions

Salicylamide significantly enhances plasma levels of aspirin with potential therapeutic implications

OH is an activating, ortho/para directing substituent. The amide group is a deactivating meta directing substituent. Combining both effects the 3 and 5 position appear to be the most favorable (overlap with the most negativity)

Chlorophyll b is slightly more polar than chlorphyll a. This is due to the fact that chlorophyll a has a methyl group in a position where chlorophyll b has an aldehyde

Xanthophylls are more polar than B-carotene because xanthophylls contain oxygen atoms, while carotenes are purely hydrocarbons with no oxygen

Moderately polar due to dipole moment of oxygen atom and presence of ester

Ink from the pen will dissolve and be separated, which could interfere with the results

Compound that travels the least distance

Compounds would travel faster because the more polar eluting solvent is more proficient at eluting the compounds from the polar slide. Thus, each of the compounds would have a larger Rf value.

So that the entire sample enters the column in as compact of a band as possible

Unreacted ferrocene because it is least polar

It is more soluble in water

a molecule that forms the basic unit for polymers; can bind to other monomers to form a repeating chain molecule

the fundamental recurring unit of a polymer

reaction in which molecules join together but lose small molecules as by-products, such as water or methanol

a polymer that includes interconnections between chains, either formed during polymerization (by choice of monomer) or after polymerization (by adding a specific reagent)

It will form several ether linkages

HCl's polarity contributes to a reaction driven to the right; the HCl protonates the amine group, making it more soluble and easier to dissolve

buffer the reaction mixture

a product is removed from a mixture, leaving the impurities behind

unwanted impurities are removed from a mixture, leaving the product in the original solution

Salicylamide has a hydroxyl group on the ring that is a strongly activating, electron donating substituent, while the amide group is electron withdrawing. The electron donating group, hydroxyl, directed the incoming iodide to the para position

50:50 hexane/ethyl acetate

hexane (ligroin)

ethyl acetate

1,1-diacetylferrocene

nylon 6,6, silk, and wool

produced shades of blue-violet; acid protonates the dye

reduced form contains two alcohol groups, while the oxidized form has two carbonyl groups

oxidation

Dacron (polyester) and Orlon (polyacrylonitrile); they lack sufficient areas for the dye to react and may lack necessary functional groups

KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing agent and cannot be guaranteed to stop reacting at the p-aminobenzoic acid stage; it could continue oxidizing to NO2

to ensure protection of the desired compound; esterification step is so important because it leads to the formation of esters and the elimination of water molecules

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to remove the majority of dissolved water

The brown color observed is due to the formation of molecular iodine I2