Chapter 16 Quiz

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should: -administer up to 324 mg of baby aspirin. -assess the adequacy of his respirations. -administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin. -obtain vita signs and a SAMPLE history.

A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should: -give her high-flow oxygen, attach the AED, and transport at once. -obtain a SAMPLE history and contact medical control for advice. -administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further. -give her one nitroglycerin and reassess her systolic blood pressure.

A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: -all layers of the aorta suddenly contract. -the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding. -a weakened area develops in the aortic wall. -the inner layers of the aorta become separated.

A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should: -remove the battery from the monitor and then remove the vest. -leave the battery attached to the monitor and remove the vest. -remove the battery from the monitor and leave the vest in place. -perform ventilations only and allow the vest device to defibrillate.

A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which of the following conditions should you suspect that he has experienced? -Thoracic aortic aneurysm -Uncontrolled hypertension -Acute myocardial infarction -Obstructive lung disease

A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because: -the lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow. -the coronary arteries suddenly spasm and cause a marked reduction in myocardial blood flow. -the ragged edge of a tear in the coronary artery lumen causes local blood clotting and arterial narrowing. -tissues of the myocardium undergo necrosis secondary to a prolonged absence of oxygen.

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should: -assess for a carotid pulse. -immediately resume CPR. -re-analyze the cardiac rhythm. -transport the patient at once.

Angina pectoris occurs when: -myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply. -one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm. -a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque. -myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand.

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the: -left atrium. -right atrium. -right ventricle. -left ventricle.

Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the: -distance between the two AED pads on the chest. -actual amount of energy that the AED will deliver. -direction that the electrical flow takes in the body. -resistance of the body to the flow of electricity.

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patient: -with a systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg. -who have taken up to two doses. -with a history of an ischemic stroke. -who have experienced a head injury.

Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should: -contact medical control. -assess for a pulse for 20 seconds. -perform CPR for 30 seconds. -dry the chest if it is wet.

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include: -family history. -excess stress. -hyperglycemia. -lack of exercise.

Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who: -are older than 40 years of age. -regularly take illegal drugs. -have chronic hypertension. -have had a stroke in the past.

The electrical impulses generated by the heart originates in the: -coronary artery. -atrioventricular node. -sinoatrial node. -bundle of His.

The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if: -pediatric pads and an energy-reducing device are available. -special pads are used and the child has profound tachycardia. -his or her condition is rapidly progressing to cardiac arrest. -he or she is not breathing and has a weakly palpable pulse.

When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECH, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed: -on the thighs or ankles. -on the lower abdomen. -on either side of the chest. -anywhere on the arms.

Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associate with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker? -Heart rate less than 60 beats/min. -Syncope or dizziness. -A rapid heart rate. -Generalized weakness.

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure? -Pulmonary edema. -Flat jugular veins. -Labored breathing. -Dependent edema.

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should: -have your partner perform CPR while you question the bystanders. -immediately apply the AED pads and analyze his cardiac rhythm. -begin high-quality CPR and apply and AED as soon as possible. -perform two-rescuer CPR for 5 minutes and request ALS backup.