CPR BLS Exam 2021 AHA

It can restore a regular cardiac rhythm (An AED can identify an abnormal heart rhythm that needs a shock. The AED can then deliver a shock that can convert a rhythm back to normal.)

Compressing to a depth of at least 2 inches (When performing chest compressions on an adult (or adolescent), a compression depth of at least 2 inches (5 cm) should be used.)

Turn on the AED (The first step for using an AED (when it becomes available) is to power on the AED if needed. Some devices will power on automatically when you open the lid or case. Because AEDs vary according to the model and manufacturer, it is important to become familiar with the AED used in your particular setting.)

Follow the AED prompts and press the shock button once everyone is clear. (After the AED pads are attached to the victim's bare chest, you should follow the AED prompts. The AED will analyze the victim's heart rhythm and prompt you to deliver a shock if needed.)

Pull the victim out of the water, and wipe the chest, and use the AED (Special situations may require the rescuer to take additional actions when placing AED pads for a victim who is immersed in water. In this case, the victim should be pulled out of the water. If the chest is covered with some water, it should be quickly wiped before attaching the AED pads.)

Start CPR, beginning with chest compressions (Choking victims with severe airway obstruction may worsen and become unresponsive. If this occurs, then high-quality CPR must be started immediately, beginning with chest compressions.)

Observing the chest rise with breaths (Squeeze the bag to give breaths (1 second each) while watching for chest rise. Deliver each breath over 1 second, with or without supplementary oxygen.)

30 compressions to 2 breaths (For 1-rescuer infant CPR, the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30:2.)

On a hairy chest, the pads may not stick and may fail to deliver a shock, therefore a razor should be used to shave the victim (Special situations may require the rescuer to take additional actions when placing AED pads on a victim who has a hairy chest. In this case, the AED pads may stick to the hair and not to the skin on the chest, making it difficult to analyze the victim's heart rhythm and deliver a shock (if needed). Most AED kits contain a razor for this reason.)

2 rescuers alternate giving high-quality chest compressions (To reduce rescuer fatigue, switch compressors every 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) or sooner if needed. To minimize interruptions in compressions, perform the switch when the AED is analyzing the rhythm. Take less than 5 seconds to switch.)

Alternating the compressor role every 2 minutes (To reduce rescuer fatigue, switch compressors every 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) or sooner if needed. To minimize interruptions in compressions, perform the switch when the AED is analyzing the rhythm. Take less than 5 seconds to switch.)

Begin CPR; the gasps are not normal breathing (The gasps described in this question are most likely agonal gasps. Agonal gasps are not considered normal breathing and are a sign of cardiac arrest. High-quality CPR should be started immediately.)

Performing high-quality CPR (Performing high-quality CPR has been shown to improve a victim's chances of survival.)

You need to compress at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute (Sometimes a team member may need to correct actions that are incorrect or inappropriate. In this case, you notice the chest compression rate is slowing. You should remind the other rescuer that a compression rate of 100 to 120/min should be used. Any person on the team should stop someone else from making a mistake, regardless of his or her role on the team.)

By compressing the chest at least one third the depth of the chest, about 2 inches (5 cm) (The correct compression depth for a child victim is at least one third the AP diameter of the chest, or about 2 inches (5 cm). Remember child is ages 1-8yrs of age.)

Each time you open the airway, look for the obstructing object (Each time you open the airway to give breaths, open the victim's mouth wide and look for the object. If you see an object that can be easily removed, remove it with your fingers. If you do not see an object, continue CPR.)

Give sets of 5 back slaps and 5 chest thrusts (If an infant victim becomes unresponsive, stop giving back slaps and begin CPR, starting with compressions. Additionally, each time you open the airway, look for the obstructing object in the back of the throat. If you see an object and can easily remove it, remove it.)

A victim who is unresponsive with no normal breathing and no pulse (A victim who is unresponsive, is not breathing, and has no pulse requires high-quality CPR. Starting high-quality CPR immediately after cardiac arrest can greatly improve a victim's chance of survival. An AED should be used as soon as it becomes available.)

The heart will adequately refill between compressions (Allowing complete chest recoil (between compressions) permits blood to flow into the heart. Incomplete chest recoil is inefficient because it reduces the blood flow created by chest compressions.)

Switch rescuers about every 2 minutes (Rescuers should switch compressors frequently (about every 2 minutes, typically when the AED is analyzing the rhythm) so that CPR quality is not reduced because of fatigue.)

It eliminates the abnormal heart rhythm (An AED can help terminate an abnormal rhythm and restore a regular heart rhythm. When used in combination with high-quality CPR, an AED can double (or triple) the chances of survival.)

10 seconds (you should only take 10 seconds to check the carotid pulse and breathing. If not pulse then start CPR.)

Immediately restart CPR, beginning with chest compressions (After you shock immediately start CPR.)

15:2 (Provide 15 compressions to 2 breaths on the 2 rescuer infant and child.)

Once every 5 to 6 seconds (For a patient in respiratory arrest with a pulse, deliver ventilations once every 5 to 6 seconds with a bag-mask device or any advanced airway.)