Mastering Biology: Chapter 53 Population Dynamics Tutorials

You are doing a mark-recapture experiment to determine the population size of the MendAliens living on an island in my back yard. Initially, you catch and mark 130 MendAliens, which you then release. Next, you capture 90 MendAliens, of which 20 are marked. What is your estimate of the population size of MendAliens living on the island in my back yard?

Mark-Recapture Method

Assume there are 200 MendAliens living on an island in my back yard. If my island has an area of 20 hectares, what is the population density of MendAliens in terms of MendAliens per hectare?

Population Density

The mark-recapture method would be best for sampling a population of _____.

The mark-recapture method works best for

3 types of survival ship curves

Which of these species typically has a mortality rate that remains fairly constant over an individual's life span?

Oyster populations are primarily, if not exclusively, composed of _____.

Which of these organisms has a survivorship curve similar to that of oysters?

Which of these organisms has a survivorship curve similar to that of humans?

What is represented on the x-axis of this graph?

Why is a percentage scale used for the x-axis rather than actual ages?

For a species with a Type II curve, less than ____% of individuals survive for 50% of the maximum life span.

At 50% of maximum life span, how does survivorship for a Type I curve compare to survivorship for a Type III curve?

For species with a Type III curve, most individuals reach the maximum life span.

According to this graph, species that exhibit a Type III curve typically produce large numbers of offspring

In species that exhibit a Type II survivorship curve, individuals are no more likely to die at one stage of the life cycle than another.

What is shown on the x-axis?

Look closely at the scale on the y-axis. What number would be represented by the point midway between the tick mark labeled 10 and the tick mark labeled 100?

In a population of 1,000 elephants, how many individuals would survive for 50% of the species' maximum life span?

According to the graph, which modern animal has a relatively constant mortality rate throughout its life span?

At 50% of maximum life span, how does the survivorship of Albertosaurus compare to the survivorship of the crocodile?

Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? The maximum life span of Albertosaurus was about 100 years.

Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? The mortality rate of Albertosaurus dinosaurs aged between 25% and 50% of their maximum life span was far greater than the mortality rate of dinosaurs that reached 75% of their maximum life span.

K (carrying capacity) increases

K (carrying capacity) decreases

no effect on K (carrying capacity)

Rank the population sizes (N) from fastest to slowest growth. If two population sizes have the same growth, overlap them.

Use the data below to make a graph showing the logistic growth of a hypothetical population. Choose one row of data in the table to plot on each axis (shown here as x and y).

The figure below shows the logistic growth of a hypothetical population of animals. Drag the labels to their appropriate locations on the graph.

Which processes increase a population's size?

True or false? Factors that determine the per capita rate of increase of a population include the age of breeding and the number of offspring produced each year.

Which factor does not affect a habitat's carrying capacity?

Which equation represents the logistic growth rate of a population?

Which of the following statements about density-independent growth is true?

Under which of the following conditions would a population most likely experience exponential growth?

Which of the following statements about a population experiencing logistic growth is true?

What does the right y-axis represent?

What does the orange graph line represent?

Which of the following statements are true of logistic growth? Select all that apply.

Which of the following statements are true of a population at carrying capacity? Select all that apply.

As a population approaches carrying capacity, environmental resistance __________.

Which of the following factors does not contribute to environmental resistance?

Which graph best represents the growth of the beetle population in the sack of corn meal?

Which of the three graphs shown in Part G best represents the growth of these yeast population?

Which of the three graphs shown in Part G best represents the growth of this coyote population?

Drag the labels onto the table to identify the characteristics of each type of population growth. Labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all.

Drag a label under each graph to indicate whether it shows density-dependent population regulation or density-independent population regulation. Labels may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

The population of Greece is expected to _______.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Greece will have more children than reproductive-age individuals.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Greece will have more children than elderly members of the population.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Greece will have more reproductive-age individuals than children.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Greece will have more elderly than reproductive-age individuals.

Greece had more females than males in 2000. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this?

The population of Colombia is currently _______.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Colombia will have more children than reproductive-age individuals.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Colombia will have more children than elderly members of the population.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Colombia will have more reproductive-age individuals than children.

Assuming the current trend continues, in 30 years Colombia will have more elderly than reproductive-age individuals.

Which of these was the first of the major events that stimulated an increase in the size of the human population?

Which of these was the second of the major events that stimulated an increase in the size of the human population?

Which of these was the third of the major events that stimulated an increase in the size of the human population?

Which factors have permitted the human population to continue increasing despite using nonrenewable resources at an unsustainable rate?

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to increase in size will have what shape?

Ignoring migration, the age structure of a human population likely to decrease in size will have what shape?

Ignoring migration, the age structure diagram of a human population likely to maintain a relatively stable size will have what shape?

What are population dynamics?

Which of the following statements about age pyramids is true?

True or false? The growth rate of a certain population increases very quickly for a time and then levels off to zero. The most likely reason that the growth rate leveled off to zero is that the population reached the carrying capacity of that environment.

The average age of childbearing in country A is 26, whereas the average age in country B is 30. In each country, the average number of offspring per woman is 3. Which of the following statements about the population growth rate in each country must be true?

In 1970, the average age of childbearing was 28, and the average number of offspring per woman was 3 in a certain country. In 1980, the average age of childbearing was still 28, but the average number of offspring per woman was 2 in that country. If the death rate in the country remained constant during those years, how did the population growth rate change from 1970 to 1980?

What is represented by the distance between two vertical white gridlines on this graph?

What is represented by the vertical blue bars on this graph?

According to this graph, the world population doubled between _______.

Which decade had, or is projected to have, the highest annual population increase?

During the 20th century, the human population increased from less than 2 billion to more than 6 billion.

Total population size is projected to increase through the middle of the 21st century.

The rate of human population growth is increasing.

From 1500 to 2010, the human population approximately followed the exponential growth model.

What do the bars on this graph represent?

Approximately how many 15-19-year-old males were there in China in 2010?

After rapid population growth from 1966 to 1975, the Chinese government instituted policies aimed at reducing population growth. The effects can be seen in most age-groups born since then. However, the population representing children born in 1986-1990 is larger than any other age-group. What data in the age structure diagram provide the best explanation for this exception?

Like the United States, China experienced a "baby boom" after World War II ended in 1945.

In 1985, China's rate of population increase was nearly 15 per 1,000. Based on the portion of the population in their prereproductive years, China's population will continue to grow at a high rate of increase through the 21st century.

Look at the age-structure pyramids. The numbers between the bars (in the middle of the graphs) serve as the y-axis. What do these numbers represent?

What do the bars on the graphs represent?

In 2010, how many 25- to 29-year-old women lived in Niger?

The colors of the bars on the graphs indicate the life stage of the people in that age class. What does it mean if a bar is colored blue?

The 2010 age-structure pyramid for Niger indicates that the population of Niger ________.

In Canada in 2010, which age classes contained the largest number of people?

In Canada in 2010, people between the ages of 45 and 54 made up the largest percentage of the population. What factor is most likely to have caused this bulge in the age pyramid?

Assuming that current trends continue, predict how the age structure of Canada in 2030 will likely differ from that in 2010.

Based on a comparison of the age-structure pyramids, which of the following would likely be a higher priority in Canada than in Niger?

What does the left y-axis of the graph represent?

What does the green graph line represent?

Which stage in the graph shows the greatest overall decline in death rate?

What factor would contribute to a sharp decline in death rate, such as the one shown in Stage 2?

Which stage represents the fertility transition--a period of declining fertility rates related to economic and social change?

In which stage or stages is the size of the population relatively stable?

Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? The population grows most rapidly when the birth rate is significantly greater than the death rate.

Is the following statement supported or not supported by the data shown in the graph? In the future the birth rate and death rate will be balanced, so the total population will remain relatively constant.