Mastering Physics 4

12 September 2022
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Gravity
Gravity
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A downward force of magnitude 5 N is exerted on the book by the force of the table gravity inertia
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5N/ book
5N/ book
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An upward force of magnitude _____ is exerted on the _____ by the table.
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no
no
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Do the downward force in Part A (gravity) and the upward force in Part B (upward force of magnitude 5N exerted on the book on the table) constitute a 3rd law pair?
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5 N / table / book / downward
5 N / table / book / downward
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The reaction to the force in Part B (upward force of magnitude 5N exerted on the book on the table) is a force of magnitude _____, exerted on the _____ by the _____. Its direction is _____.
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Newton's 1st law
Newton's 2nd law
Newton's 1st law Newton's 2nd law
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Which of Newton's laws could we have used to predict that the forces in Parts A (gravity) and B (upward force of magnitude 5N exerted on the book on the table) are equal and opposite? Check all that apply. Newton's 1st law Newton's 2nd law Newton's 3rd law
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Newton's 3rd law
Newton's 3rd law
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Which of Newton's laws could we have used to predict that the forces in Parts B (upward force of magnitude 5N exerted on the book on the table) and E (force of magnitude 5N exerted on the table by the book downward) are equal and opposite? Check all that apply. Newton's 1st law Newton's 2nd law Newton's 3rd law
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the earth
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First, consider a book resting on a horizontal table. Which object exerts a downward force on the book? the book itself the earth the surface of the table
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a long-range force
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First, consider a book resting on a horizontal table. The downward force acting on the book is __________. a contact force a long-range force
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weight
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First, consider a book resting on a horizontal table. What is the downward force acting on the book called? tension normal force weight friction
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the surface of the table
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First, consider a book resting on a horizontal table. Which object exerts an upward force on the book? the book itself the earth the surface of the table
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a contact force
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First, consider a book resting on a horizontal table. The upward force acting on the book is __________. a contact force a long-range force
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normal force
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First, consider a book resting on a horizontal table. What is the upward force acting on the book called? tension normal force weight friction
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the string
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A string is attached to a heavy block. The string is used to pull the block to the right along a rough horizontal table. Which object exerts a force on the block that is directed toward the right? the block itself the earth the surface of the table the string
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a contact force
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A string is attached to a heavy block. The string is used to pull the block to the right along a rough horizontal table. The force acting on the block and directed to the right is __________. a contact force a long-range force
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tension
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A string is attached to a heavy block. The string is used to pull the block to the right along a rough horizontal table. What is the force acting on the block and directed to the right called? tension normal force weight friction
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the surface of the table
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A string is attached to a heavy block. The string is used to pull the block to the right along a rough horizontal table. Which object exerts a force on the block that is directed toward the left? the block itself the earth the surface of the table the string
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a contact force
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A string is attached to a heavy block. The string is used to pull the block to the right along a rough horizontal table. The force acting on the block and directed to the left is __________. a contact force a long-range force
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friction
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A string is attached to a heavy block. The string is used to pull the block to the right along a rough horizontal table. What is the force acting on the block and directed to the left called? tension normal force weight friction
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1
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The same block is placed on the same rough table. However, this time, the string is disconnected and the block is given a quick push to the right. The block slides to the right and eventually stops. The following questions refer to the motion of the block after it is pushed but before it stops. How many forces are acting on the block in the horizontal direction? 0 1 2 3
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friction
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The same block is placed on the same rough table. However, this time, the string is disconnected and the block is given a quick push to the right. The block slides to the right and eventually stops. The following questions refer to the motion of the block after it is pushed but before it stops. What is the force acting on the block that is directed to the left called? tension normal force weight friction
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The net force is zero.
The net force is zero.
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What is the direction of the net force acting on the object at position A? upward downward to the left to the right The net force is zero.
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to the left
to the left
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What is the direction of the net force acting on the object at position B? upward downward to the left to the right The net force is zero.
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downward
downward
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What is the direction of the net force acting on the object at position C? upward downward to the left to the right The net force is zero.
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6
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Which of these diagrams may possibly correspond to the situation at point A on the motion diagram?
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3,5
3,5
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Which of these diagrams may possibly correspond to the situation at point B on the motion diagram?
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2,4
2,4
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Which of these diagrams may possibly correspond to the situation at point C on the motion diagram?
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1,2,3,4,5
1,2,3,4,5
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Which of these diagrams correspond to a situation where the moving object (not necessarily the one shown in the motion diagram) is changing its velocity?
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A car is moving along a straight road at a constant speed.
A hockey puck slides along a horizontal icy (frictionless) surface.
A car is moving along a straight road at a constant speed. A hockey puck slides along a horizontal icy (frictionless) surface.
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Consider the following situations: A car is moving along a straight road at a constant speed. A car is moving along a straight road while slowing down. A car is moving along a straight road while speeding up. A hockey puck slides along a horizontal icy (frictionless) surface. A hockey puck slides along a rough concrete surface. A cockroach is speeding up from rest. A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is negligible. A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is substantial. A rock is dropped vertically; air resistance is negligible. A rock is dropped vertically; air resistance is substantial. Which of these situations describe the motion shown in the motion diagram at point A?
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A car is moving along a straight road while slowing down.
A hockey puck slides along a rough concrete surface.
A car is moving along a straight road while slowing down. A hockey puck slides along a rough concrete surface.
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Consider the following situations: A car is moving along a straight road at a constant speed. A car is moving along a straight road while slowing down. A car is moving along a straight road while speeding up. A hockey puck slides along a horizontal icy (frictionless) surface. A hockey puck slides along a rough concrete surface. A cockroach is speeding up from rest. A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is negligible. A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is substantial. A rock is dropped vertically; air resistance is negligible. A rock is dropped vertically; air resistance is substantial. Which of these situations describe the motion shown in the motion diagram at point B?
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A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is negligible.
A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is negligible.
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Consider the following situations: A car is moving along a straight road at a constant speed. A car is moving along a straight road while slowing down. A car is moving along a straight road while speeding up. A hockey puck slides along a horizontal icy (frictionless) surface. A hockey puck slides along a rough concrete surface. A cockroach is speeding up from rest. A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is negligible. A rock is thrown horizontally; air resistance is substantial. A rock is dropped vertically; air resistance is negligible. A rock is dropped vertically; air resistance is substantial. Which of these situations describe the motion shown in the motion diagram at point C?
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F1 on floor = Floor on F1 > F2 on 1 = F1 on 2 > F3 on 2 = F2 on 3 > F3 on 1 = F1 on 3
F1 on floor = Floor on F1 > F2 on 1 = F1 on 2 > F3 on 2 = F2 on 3 > F3 on 1 = F1 on 3
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Assume the elevator is at rest. Rank the magnitude of the forces. F3 on 1, F1 on 3, F2 on 1, F1 on 2, F3 on 2, F2 on 3, F1 on floor, Floor on F1
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F1 on floor = Floor on F1 > F2 on 1 = F1 on 2 > F3 on 2 = F2 on 3 > F3 on 1 = F1 on 3
F1 on floor = Floor on F1 > F2 on 1 = F1 on 2 > F3 on 2 = F2 on 3 > F3 on 1 = F1 on 3
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Now, assume the elevator is moving upward at increasing speed. Rank the magnitude of the forces. F3 on 1, F1 on 3, F2 on 1, F1 on 2, F3 on 2, F2 on 3, F1 on floor, Floor on F1
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The net force acting on it is zero.
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An object cannot remain at rest unless which of the following holds? The net force acting on it is zero. The net force acting on it is constant and nonzero. There are no forces at all acting on it. There is only one force acting on it.
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The net force applied to the block is zero.
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If a block is moving to the left at a constant velocity, what can one conclude? There is exactly one force applied to the block. The net force applied to the block is directed to the left. The net force applied to the block is zero. There must be no forces at all applied to the block.
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It could be moving to the left, moving to the right, or be instantaneously at rest.
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A block of mass 2kg is acted upon by two forces: 3N (directed to the left) and 4N (directed to the right). What can you say about the block's motion? It must be moving to the left. It must be moving to the right. It must be at rest. It could be moving to the left, moving to the right, or be instantaneously at rest.
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moving with a constant nonzero acceleration
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A massive block is being pulled along a horizontal frictionless surface by a constant horizontal force. The block must be __________. continuously changing direction moving at constant velocity moving with a constant nonzero acceleration moving with continuously increasing acceleration
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cannot have a magnitude equal to 5N
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Two forces, of magnitude 4N and 10N, are applied to an object. The relative direction of the forces is unknown. The net force acting on the object __________. Check all that apply. cannot have a magnitude equal to 5N cannot have a magnitude equal to 10N cannot have the same direction as the force with magnitude 10N must have a magnitude greater than 10N
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true
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Every force has one and only one 3rd law pair force. true false
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true
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The two forces in each pair act in opposite directions. true false
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false
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The two forces in each pair can either both act on the same body or they can act on different bodies. true false
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false
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The two forces in each pair may have different physical origins (for instance, one of the forces could be due to gravity, and its pair force could be due to friction or electric charge). true false
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true
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The two forces of a 3rd law pair always act on different bodies. true false
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False
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Given that two bodies interact via some force, the accelerations of these two bodies have the same magnitude but opposite directions. (Assume no other forces act on either body.) true false
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equal in magnitude but antiparallel to the force on the earth due to the moon.
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According to Newton's 3rd law, the force on the (smaller) moon due to the (larger) earth is greater in magnitude and antiparallel to the force on the earth due to the moon. greater in magnitude and parallel to the force on the earth due to the moon. equal in magnitude but antiparallel to the force on the earth due to the moon. equal in magnitude and parallel to the force on the earth due to the moon. smaller in magnitude and antiparallel to the force on the earth due to the moon. smaller in magnitude and parallel to the force on the earth due to the moon.
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Line is x=0
Line is x=0
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Plot velocity versus time. (Figure 1)
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Straight Line starts from zero, and is increasing (has positive slop)
Straight Line starts from zero, and is increasing (has positive slop)
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Plot velocity versus time. (Figure 2)
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Concave parabola from 0 to t, all in the +y axis
Concave parabola from 0 to t, all in the +y axis
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Plot position versus time. (Figure 3)
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the piano
the piano
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Suppose that you are asked to solve the following problem: Chadwick is pushing a piano across a level floor (see the figure). (Figure 1) The piano can slide across the floor without friction. If Chadwick applies a horizontal force to the piano, what is the piano's acceleration? To solve this problem you should start by drawing a free-body diagram. Determine the object of interest for the situation described in the problem introduction.
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gravitational force acting on the piano (piano's weight)
 force of the floor on the piano (normal force) 
force of Chadwick on the piano
gravitational force acting on the piano (piano's weight) force of the floor on the piano (normal force) force of Chadwick on the piano
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Suppose that you are asked to solve the following problem: Chadwick is pushing a piano across a level floor (see the figure). (Figure 1) The piano can slide across the floor without friction. If Chadwick applies a horizontal force to the piano, what is the piano's acceleration? To solve this problem you should start by drawing a free-body diagram Identify the forces acting on the object of interest. From the list below, select the forces that act on the piano. Check all that apply. acceleration of the piano gravitational force acting on the piano (piano's weight) speed of the piano gravitational force acting on Chadwick (Chadwick's weight) force of the floor on the piano (normal force) force of the piano on the floor force of Chadwick on the piano force of the piano pushing on Chadwick
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the piano
the piano
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Chadwick now needs to push the piano up a ramp and into a moving van. (Figure 2) The piano slides up the ramp without friction. Is Chadwick strong enough to push the piano up the ramp alone or must he get help? To solve this problem you should start by drawing a free-body diagram. Determine the object of interest for this situation.
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T2 = M2g
T2 = M2g
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assume the blocks are at rest. Find T2, the tension in the lower rope.
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T1 = (M1+M2)g
T1 = (M1+M2)g
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assume the blocks are at rest. Find T1, the tension in the upper rope.
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T2 = M2a+M2g
T2 = M2a+M2g
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For Parts C and D the blocks are now accelerating upward (due to the tension in the strings) with acceleration of magnitude a. Find T2, the tension in the lower rope.
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T1 = (M1+M2)a+(M1+M2)g
T1 = (M1+M2)a+(M1+M2)g
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For Parts C and D the blocks are now accelerating upward (due to the tension in the strings) with acceleration of magnitude a. Find T1, the tension in the upper rope.