ScienceMastering Astronomy, Astronomy 2, Chapter 12
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Mastering Astronomy, Astronomy 2, Chapter 12

Viola Reed avatar Viola Reed
25 July 2022
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The asteroid belt lies between the orbits of
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Mars and Jupiter.
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Jupiter nudges the asteroids through the influence of
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Orbital Resonances.
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Can an asteroid be pure metal?
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Yes, it must have been the core of a shattered asteroid.
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Did a large terrestrial planet ever form in the region of the asteroid belt?
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No, because Jupiter prevented one from accreting.
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What does Pluto most resemble?
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A comet.
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How big an object causes a typical shooting star?
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A grain of sand or a small pebble.
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Which have the most elliptical and tilted orbits?
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Oort cloud comets.
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Which are thought to have formed farthest from the Sun?
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Kuiper belt comets.
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About how often does a 1-kilometer object strike the Earth?
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Every billion years.
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What would happen if a 1-kilometer object struck the Earth?
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It would cause widespread devastation and climate change.
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How does the largest asteroid, Ceres, compare in size to other solar system worlds?
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It is about half the size of Pluto.
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True/False: Most meteorites collected on Earth are of the rocky primitive variety, although most asteroids are of the carbon-rich variety
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True.
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True/False: No spacecraft has ever visited an asteroid or comet.
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False.
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1. About a trillion comets are thought to be located far, far beyond Pluto in the ______ 2. The bright spherical part of a comet observed when it is close to the Sun is the _______ 3. A comet's ______ stretches directly away from the Sun. 4. A comet's ______ is the frozen portion of a comet. 5. Particles ejected from a comet can cause a(n) _____ on Earth. 6.The _____ extends from about beyond the orbit of Neptune to about twice the distance of Neptune from the Sun.
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1.Oort cloud 2.Coma 3.Plasma Tail 4.Nucleus 5.Meteor Shower 6.Kuiper Belt
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A. A comet entering the inner solar system from afar will __________. B. During the time that a comet passes through the inner solar system, the comet can appear quite bright because __________. C. A comet's plasma tail always points directly away from the Sun because __________.
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A. Form a coma and some time later form a tail. B. Sunlight reflects off the comet's tail and coma C. Of pressure exerted by the fast-moving charged particles in the solar wind
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The combined mass of all the asteroids in the asteroid belt is
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Less than that of any terrestrial planet.