The largest asteroid, and probably the only one to be a spherical "world" is
answer
Ceres.
question
Which planet by itself contains the majority of mass of all the planets?
answer
Jupiter
question
Our understanding of the solar system has come in a way that can best be described as:
answer
explosive, with us learning more in the past few decades than in all previous history.
question
What is the goal of comparative planetology?
answer
to determine the origin and evolution of the solar system
question
What is true about solar system densities?
answer
The denser planets lie closer to the Sun.
question
The planet's orbital period is:
answer
the time it takes to return to the same location in the sky, relative to the Sun.
question
Masses of the planets are easiest to determine if:
answer
they have natural satellites whose motions can be precisely measured.
question
The average density of each planet in the solar system is determined by taking its mass and dividing that by its
answer
volume
question
Which of these bodies has the lowest density?
answer
Saturn
question
In order to determine the mass of a planet by applying Newton's laws of motion and gravity, the planet must have
answer
moons.
question
The plane in which almost all planets orbit the sun is called the:
answer
ecliptic.
question
The rotation periods of Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are difficult to determine because
answer
their surface features are obscured by their atmospheres.
question
Which statement about the motion of the planets is incorrect?
answer
Most planets move in the Earth's equatorial plane.
question
Mercury's most unusual orbital feature, as compared to the other planets, is
answer
the shape of its orbit.
question
What aspects of the planets orbits are nearly the same for most planets?
answer
shape and tilt from the ecliptic
question
Planetary orbits
answer
are almost circular, with low eccentricities.
question
How do the densities of the jovian and terrestrial planets compare?
answer
All terrestrials are more dense than any of the jovians.
question
Which of the following are the Jovian planets?
answer
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune only
question
In composition and mass and density, Jupiter is most like:
answer
the Sun.
question
Which characteristic listed below describes the jovian planets?
answer
low density
question
Which of the characteristics below describes the terrestrial planets?
answer
possessing weak magnetic fields
question
The jovian planets
answer
all have rings around their equators.
question
Most asteroids are found:
answer
between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
question
The Kuiper Belt is found where in the solar system?
answer
beyond the orbit of Neptune
question
In composition and density, the asteroids most resemble:
answer
pieces of terrestrial planets.
question
In composition, asteroids and meteoroids are most like
answer
terrestrial planets.
question
The difference between a meteoroid and an asteroid is the object's
answer
size.
question
The smallest sort of interplanetary matter is called
answer
interplanetary dust.
question
Which of the following is not icy in composition?
answer
asteroids
question
The most detailed look we've had of an asteroid comes from
answer
spacecraft sent to an asteroid.
question
The Kuiper Belt is an "outer asteroid belt" consisting of what types of solar system bodies?
answer
icy cometlike bodies
question
Which of the following have an icy composition?
answer
comets
question
A meteorite is
answer
a chunk of space debris that has struck the ground.
question
Objects in the Kuiper belt
answer
lie beyond the orbit of Neptune, and close to the ecliptic.
question
Which of the following is considered "interplanetary matter"?
answer
Comet Hale-Bopp
question
The tail of a comet always points
answer
away from the Sun and becomes longest and brightest at perihelion.
question
A gravitational "sling-shot":
answer
changes the speed and direction of a spacecraft nearing a massive planet.
question
Which of these spacecraft went into orbit about Saturn in July 2004?
answer
Cassini
question
Which spacecraft gave us our best information about Mercury, until Messenger arrives in 2009?
answer
Mariner 10
question
The best present maps of the surface of Venus come from the:
answer
Magellan.
question
The only spacecraft to be intentionally crashed into Jupiter was:
answer
Galileo.
question
The "Grand Tour" of all four jovians was conducted by:
answer
Voyager 2.
question
Our best close-up views of the jovian moons came from the many passes by:
answer
Galileo.
question
The Mariner 10 spacecraft visited which bodies in the solar system?
answer
Mercury and Venus
question
While Cassini was launched toward Saturn in 2004, its Huygens probe in 2005 went to:
answer
Titan.
question
Which objects in the solar system have been least modified since the formation of the solar system?
answer
Kuiper Belt objects
question
Which of these was the first to cross the asteroid belt and head to Jupiter?
answer
Pioneer 10
question
Which statement about Mercury is not correct?
answer
Mariner 10 is now dead, but still in orbit about Mercury.
question
Which of these landed on Venus?
answer
Venera 7
question
As the solar nebula contracts due to gravitation, the cloud
answer
spins faster.
question
What is the name of the theory that is currently used to describe the formation of the solar system?
answer
Nebular theory
question
The Kuiper Belt is found where in the solar system?
answer
beyond the orbit of Neptune
question
What is the role of irregularities in the solar system in terms of theories of its origin?
answer
They introduce a need for flexibility in theories of the solar system's origin.
question
Which of these is not a characteristic of the solar nebula theory?
answer
Larger planets should form closer to their star, where there is more debris.
question
What might have made the original solar nebula begin to contract?
answer
the shock wave from a nearby exploding star
question
The meteorites that strike Earth are
answer
the oldest rocks known.
question
A successful theory of the formation of the solar system must explain
answer
all observed properties of the solar system.
question
Planetary orbits
answer
are almost circular, with low eccentricities.
question
What is true about solar system densities?
answer
The denser planets lie closer to the Sun.
question
The jovian planets
answer
all have rings around their equators.
question
What phase of planet formation caused the jovian planets to form?
answer
core-accretion
question
What happens when a solar nebula contracts?
answer
It heats up, It flattens out, It spins faster; all of the above
question
In light of modern solar system theory, why do the orbits of the planets all lie in the same plane?
answer
The early solar nebula flattened into a disk.
question
What is the process of accretion?
answer
growth of an object by the accumulation of matter
question
Conservation of angular momentum means that a spinning body tends to
answer
keep spinning.
question
Dust is an important part of the nebular theory of solar system formation because dust is needed to explain
answer
how the inner planets came to be rocky bodies.
question
What factor caused different planets to form out of different types of material?
answer
The variation in temperature throughout the solar nebula; the higher the temperature, the lower the percentage of light elements in the forming planet.
question
What was the primary role of dust in the formation of the solar system?
answer
Dust acted as condensation nuclei; platforms to which other particles could attach and form larger particles of matter.
question
As the solar nebula contracts it
answer
spins faster due to conservation of angular momentum.
question
As a rotating gas cloud contracts, it spins
answer
faster due to conservation of angular momentum.
question
(SA) What are the chemical and physical properties of the solar system that any theory of its origin must explain?
answer
The inner planets have high densities, moderate atmospheres, and a mostly rocky composition. The outer planets have low densities, thick atmospheres, and a composition of mostly hydrogen and helium. The asteroids are composed of primitive, unevolved material unlike planets and the comets are icy objects that have also remained unchanged since the formation of the solar system.
question
(SA) What do Pioneer 10 and 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 all have in common?
answer
All four of them flew past Jupiter, and all but Pioneer 10 past Saturn as well. All are now moving so fast from the gravity assists that they are far beyond Pluto, and escaping the Sun's gravity entirely, to become eventually lost in interstellar space.
question
(SA) Explain the stage in which the solar system formed pretty much in a plane.
answer
The flat shape of the solar system is explained by the contraction of a slowly spinning cloud in the solar nebula theory.
question
(SA) For what reasons do we consider the planets of the solar system to be of two fundamentally different types?
answer
There are multiple reasons we consider the planets of the solar system to be of two fundamentally different types. The two types of planets we divide our solar system into are: terrestrial planets and jovian planets. The terrestrial planets have low magnetic fields, small number of moons (if any), and are composed of heavier elements like iron. The jovian planets have very strong magnetic fields, a fairly large number of moons, and are composed of lighter elements like hydrogen and helium. These are the basic reasons as to why we categorize our planets into two different types of planets.
question
Which planet by itself contains the majority of mass of all the planets?
answer
Jupiter
question
What is the goal of comparative planetology?
answer
to determine the origin and evolution of the solar system
question
What is true about solar system densities?
answer
The denser planets lie closer to the Sun
question
The average density of each planet in the solar system is determined by taking its mass and dividing that by its?
answer
volume
question
Which of these bodies has the lowest density?
answer
a comet
question
The rotation periods of Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are difficult to determine because?
answer
their surface features are obscured by their atmospheres
question
The plane in which almost all planets orbit the sun is called the:
answer
ecliptic
question
Which statement about the motion of the planets is incorrect?
answer
Most planets move in the Earth's equatorial plane
question
Mercury's most unusual orbital feature, as compared to the other planets, is?
answer
the shape of its orbit
question
What aspects of the planets orbits are nearly the same for most planets?
answer
shape and tilt from the ecliptic
question
Planetary orbits?
answer
are almost circular, with low eccentricities
question
_______ is about 30 times as far from the sun as our own planet.
answer
neptune
question
________ is the planet with the highest average surface temperature.
answer
venus
question
the planet with the lowest average density s _______.
answer
saturn
question
the planet that orbits closest to the sun is ________.
answer
mercury
question
the only rocky planet to have more then one moon is ________.
answer
mars
question
_______ is the jovian planet that orbits closest to the sun.
answer
jupiter
question
_________ has a rotational axis that is tilted so much it lies nearly in the plane of its orbit.
answer
uranus
question
most of the surface of _________ covered in liquid water.
answer
earth
question
How do the densities of the jovian and terrestrial planets compare?
answer
All terrestrials are more dense than any of the jovians
question
Which of the following are the Jovian planets?
answer
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune only
question
n composition and mass and density, Jupiter is most like:
answer
the Sun
question
Which characteristic listed below describes the jovian planets?
answer
low density
question
Which of the characteristics below describes the terrestrial planets?
answer
possessing weak magnetic fields
question
The jovian planets?
answer
all have rings around their equators
question
terrestrial planets?
answer
small, solid, rocky and located within the inner solar system
question
jovian planets?
answer
low average density, a lot of moons, a lot of rings and composed of hydrogen and helium
question
where would you expect to find terrestrial planets?
answer
Terrestrial planets will likely be located nearer the planetary system's star than any jovian planets.
question
Compared to terrestrial planets, jovian planets are __________.
answer
more massive and lower in average density
question
Which planet is approximately halfway between Pluto's orbit and the Sun?
answer
Uranus, the seventh planet from the Sun
question
Most asteroids are found:
answer
between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
question
The Kuiper Belt is found where in the solar system?
answer
beyond the orbit of Neptune
question
In composition and density, the asteroids most resemble:
answer
pieces of terrestrial planets
question
The difference between a meteoroid and an asteroid is the object's?
answer
size
question
The Kuiper Belt is an "outer asteroid belt" consisting of what types of solar system bodies?
answer
icy cometlike bodies
question
Which of the following have an icy composition?
answer
comets
question
A meteorite is?
answer
a chunk of space debris that has struck the ground
question
Objects in the Kuiper belt?
answer
lie beyond the orbit of Neptune, and close to the ecliptic
question
Which of the following is considered "interplanetary matter"?
answer
Comet Hale-Bopp
question
As the solar nebula contracts due to gravitation, the cloud?
answer
spins faster
question
What is the role of irregularities in the solar system in terms of theories of its origin?
answer
They introduce a need for flexibility in theories of the solar system's origin
question
What might have made the original solar nebula begin to contract?
answer
the shock wave from a nearby exploding star
question
The meteorites that strike Earth are?
answer
the oldest rocks known
question
A successful theory of the formation of the solar system must explain?
answer
all observed properties of the solar system
question
What happens when a solar nebula contracts?
answer
It heats up, flattens out, spins faster
question
In light of modern solar system theory, why do the orbits of the planets all lie in the same plane?
answer
The early solar nebula flattened into a disk
question
What is the process of accretion?
answer
growth of an object by the accumulation of matter
question
Conservation of angular momentum means that a spinning body tends to?
answer
keep spinning
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