Life Span Development Chapter 11a

1. Which of the following is a more accurate vision of adolescence?

Which theorist proposed the "storm-and-stress" view that adolescence is a turbulent time charged with conflict and mood swings?

When Daniel Offer and his colleagues studied the self-images of adolescents in the United States, Australia, Bangladesh, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Taiwan, Turkey, and West Germany, at least _____ of the adolescents displayed a healthy self-image.

. For the majority of teens, adolescence is marked by:

. Public attitudes about adolescence:

Sarah's 15-year old son, Joshua, has of late been wearing what she considers to be "bizarre" clothes, listening to "bizarre" music and wearing his hair like that of the guitarist in his favorite rock band. He also resents Sarah entering his room and screams to be left alone when Sarah tries talking to him about her concerns. As an expert on adolescent behavior, you would tell Sarah that Joshua's acting out and boundary testing are:

Puberty refers to a period of:

Puberty:

It is difficult to know exactly when puberty begins and ends because:

Ms. Chang is trying to prepare her health-class students for the onset of puberty. What should she tell the boys that they are likely to experience first?

Which of the following is typically the last male pubertal characteristic to occur?

Ms. Chang is trying to prepare her health-class students for the onset of puberty. What should she tell the girls that they are likely to experience first?

A girl's first menstruation is called _____.

Which of the following statements is true?

The growth spurt that characterizes pubertal change occurs approximately _____ for girls than for boys and begins at around age _____ for girls.

The peak rate of pubertal change occurs at _____ years for girls and _____ years for boys.

Behind the first whisker in boys and the widening of hips in girls is a flood of _____, powerful chemical substances secreted by the endocrine glands and carried through the body by the bloodstream.

The hormone that is associated with breast, uterine, and skeletal development in girls is:

. _____ is a hormone associated in boys with the development of genitals, an increase in height, and a change in voice.

Thirteen-year-old Grace's blood tests indicate that her levels of testosterone are about twice as high as they were a few years ago, and that her estradiol levels are about eight times higher than earlier. Grace is most likely experiencing:

Fourteen-year-old Kent's blood tests indicate an eighteen-fold increase in testosterone levels and a two-fold increase in estradiol over the past few years. It appears that Kent:

Recent research about hormones and behavior has found the relationship to be:

In the United States the average age of menarche has _____ since the mid-nineteenth century.

Which of the following is true of the timing and variations in puberty?

_____ is the term used to describe the very early onset and rapid progression of puberty.

Precocious puberty is usually diagnosed when the onset of puberty happens before _____ of age in girls and before _____ of age in boys.

Precocious puberty occurs:

Precocious puberty:

Seven-year-old Tamara is already showing signs of the onset of puberty. Her physician has termed it precocious puberty and is in favor of medically treating the condition because children who experience precocious puberty are eventually likely to:

Who among the following will be most dissatisfied with body image as pubertal change proceeds?

In the Berkeley Longitudinal Study some years ago, early-maturing boys perceived themselves _____ than did their late-maturing counterparts. When the late-maturing boys were in their thirties, however, they had developed a _____ than the early-maturing boys had.

. In the sixth grade, early-maturing girls show _____ with their figures than do late-maturing girls, but by the tenth grade late-maturing girls are more _____.

. Jerome is going through puberty earlier than most of his friends. Research indicates that Jerome is likely to:

Recent research has found that early-maturing girls are more likely than late-maturing girls to be:

. Maggie is fourteen years old and has not yet matured physically. According to recent research, which of the following will be most likely when Maggie does complete puberty?

Among the changes in the brain that occur in adolescence is the thickening of the _____, where fibers connect the brain's left and right hemispheres, improving adolescents' ability to process information.

Donna is concerned about her adolescent daughter's tendency to flare up at the mildest provocations. Donna says that her daughter refuses to see reason sometimes and seems unable to exercise much self-control. As a specialist in the development of adolescents, you would tell Donna that her daughter's behavior could partly be explained by the biological reason that:

Leading researcher Charles Nelson proposed the view that, although adolescents are capable of very strong emotions, their prefrontal cortex hasn't adequately developed to the point at which they can control these passions. His view reflects the rapidly emerging field of _____, which involves connections between development, the brain, and socioemotional processes.

A recent research review concluded that adolescents who view more sexual content on TV are _____ than their peers who view less sexual content on TV.

Which of the following is true of an adolescent's developing sexual identity?

Most gay or lesbian individuals recognize that they are gay or lesbian in:

Which of the following statements about gay and lesbian adolescents is true? a. Most adolescents who are attracted to individuals of their same sex report falling in love with these individuals.

. In one cross-cultural study cited in the text, the proportion having first intercourse by age 17 was _____ for females and _____ for males in the United States.

Considering the national trend in the United States, which one of the following teenagers is most likely to be sexually active?

By age 20, _____ of U.S. youth have engaged in sexual intercourse

A recent national study of adolescent sexual behavior from 1991 to 2007 revealed that sexual experience and having multiple sexual partners in adolescence:

According to a national survey that studied the prevalence of oral sex among adolescents:

Juanita, a non-White Latino girl, is entering adolescence and her mother wants to keep her from risky sexual behavior. According to research, her mother should:

Which of the following is true of contraceptive use among adolescents in the U.S.?

Which of the following risks related to sexual activity can be reduced significantly by the use of contraceptives?

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs):

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has a _____ risk of getting HIV.

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has a _____ risk of acquiring genital herpes.

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has a _______ risk of contracting gonorrhea.

Which of the following is true of adolescent pregnancies in the U.S.?

Which of the following ethnic groups has the highest teen birth rate in the U.S.?

Which ethnic group in the U.S. has had the smallest recent decline in adolescent pregnancy and birth rates?

A recent study using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth revealed that daughters of teenage mothers were _____ to become teenage mothers themselves.

Research has shown that infants born to adolescent mothers are more likely to have:

Mollie is currently 15 and pregnant. Which of the following is most likely to be true about Mollie?

One strategy for reducing adolescent pregnancy is the _____ that focuses on engaging adolescents in volunteer community service and stimulates discussions that help adolescents appreciate the lessons they learn through volunteerism.

Recent research reviews found that abstinence-only programs:

Overall, research suggests that contraceptive-knowledge sex education programs:

Patricia and Fernando are worried that their daughter's sex education program will encourage her to have sex because the class included information about contraceptive use. Research suggests that:

The percentage of overweight 12- to 19-year-olds in the United States in 2004 was:

recent study found that _____ individuals categorized as overweight or obese as adolescents went on to become obese adults.

Which of the following is true about the nutrition of adolescents in the U.S.? a. U.S adolescents are more likely to eat fruits and vegetables than their counterparts in most other countries.

A recent national study revealed that _____ U.S. 15-year-olds met the federal government's moderate to vigorous exercise recommendations per day.

A national study of U.S. adolescents revealed that physical activity:

According to the National Youth Risk Survey, _____ exercised the most and _____ exercised the least among adolescents in the U.S.

Exercise is related to all of the following positive outcomes in adolescence, EXCEPT:

A U.S survey conducted by The National Sleep Foundation indicated the following about the amount of sleep U.S. adolescents are getting:

Mary Carskadon and her colleagues' research on adolescent sleep patterns found that:

Mary Carskadon and her colleagues concluded from their research of the sleep patterns of U.S. adolescents that:

The leading cause of death in adolescence is:

In about _____ of motor vehicle fatalities involving adolescents, the driver was found to be intoxicated.

While driving home late one night, Pedro, 18, had a fatal accident. Going by the trend in motor vehicle fatalities involving adolescents, there is about a 50 percent chance that the accident was linked to:

_____ is the second leading cause of death in adolescence.

The third leading cause of accidents for American adolescents is/are:

Since the 1950s, the adolescent suicide rate has:

In which of the following groups is death through homicide especially common in adolescence?

According to the study by Lloyd Johnston and his colleagues at the Institute of Social Research at the University of Michigan monitoring the drug use of America's high school seniors in a wide range of public and private high schools:

Contemporary research suggests that adolescent use of alcohol has recently shown a:

Which of the following has been found to be true about binge drinking?

Cigarette smoking among U.S. adolescents:

Cigarette smoking is likely to begin in grades _____.

A recent survey revealed that _____ percent of U.S. adolescents had used Vicodin at some point in their lifetime.

Nathan has recently taken to abusing prescription painkillers. What is likely to be his main source of the drug?

Bill wants to know how he can prevent drug abuse by his adolescent son. You would suggest that Bill:

About _____ percent of American girls develop anorexia nervosa.

Anorexia nervosa is:

A person suffering from anorexia nervosa would have a weight less than _____ of what is considered normal for their age and height.

"The Family Matters" program was designed to help families of adolescents to reduce the amount of:

Adolescents in the Family Matters program reported:

Anorexia nervosa typically begins in:

Anorexia nervosa is about _____ to occur in females than males.

Katie weighs less than 85 percent of what is considered normal for her age and height. Yet, she sees herself as too fat and starves to become thinner. Katie seems to be suffering from:

Most people with anorexia nervosa are from:

Anorexic people use food as a means of:

Jackie, 15, has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. It is likely that Jackie:

Amanda's mother suffered from anorexia nervosa as a teenager. This implies that:

Which of the following statements about anorexia nervosa is true?

Anorexic people and bulimic people differ in the:

Anorexia and bulimia nervosa affect:

Jordan is trying to lose weight but finds it hard to resist her favorite food like pizza and burgers. So for the past several months, she has been making up for her eating binges by vomiting immediately after a meal or by purging with laxatives. Jordan could be suffering from:

Penny has been diagnosed as suffering from bulimia nervosa. It is likely that she:

Approximately _____ percent of U.S. women are estimated to develop bulimia nervosa.

Bulimia nervosa typically begins in:

About _____ percent of individuals with bulimia nervosa will recover from their disorders.

According to Jean Piaget, around age 11, the fourth and final stage of cognitive development, the _____ stage, begins.

Which of the following questions can 14-year-old Jackson answer now but could not answer about four years back?

"What if the sun were to explode?" says Arlene. "But it never has," replies Janis. "But what if it did?" insists Alene. "But it never has!" says Janis. In this example, Arlene is exhibiting _____ thought, while Janis is showing _____ thought.

According to Jean Piaget, adolescents differ from younger children in that younger children cannot:

Unlike children, adolescents can engage in a type of problem solving termed _____, which involves creating a hypothesis and deducing its implications, steps that provide ways to test the hypothesis.

Tasha is having difficulty getting along with her best friend. She decides to think through the problem, writing down all the difficulties and trying to generate possible reasons for them. She then considers what she can do to deal with the problems, weighing the pros and cons of each possibility. She is using which of the following to solve her problem?

Contrary to Jean Piaget's views, the development of formal operational thought is:

Recent research challenges Piaget's views on cognitive development in adolescence in that it indicates that formal operational thinking during adolescence:

Adolescent _____ is the heightened self-consciousness of adolescents.

Personal fable and imaginary audience are parts of adolescent:

The _____ is adolescents' belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are, as well as attention-getting behavior—attempts to be noticed, visible, and "on stage."

The _____ is the part of adolescent egocentrism involving a sense of uniqueness and invincibility

The imaginary audience involves _____, whereas the personal fable involves _____.

Juanita, a 15-year-old high school student, wants to skip school today because she is having a bad hair day and is convinced that everybody will notice and think badly of her. Which aspect of adolescent egocentrism is Juanita experiencing?

Leila, 14, feels that nobody understands her, especially her parents and teachers. Leila's feelings reflect the _____ aspect of an adolescent's egocentrism.

"I know I can handle the car at high speeds much better than others can." This reflects the tendency of adolescents to engage in:

. George wants to make competent decision makers of his adolescent sons. Which of the following is a strategy you would suggest for improving their decision-making?

If _____ are not developed during childhood, critical thinking skills are unlikely to mature in adolescence.

Shiloh is in her first year of middle school. Research shows that she probably:

When students make the transition to middle or junior high school, they experience the _____ phenomenon, moving from being the oldest, biggest, and most powerful students in the elementary school to being the youngest, smallest, and least powerful students in the middle or junior high school.

Most criticisms of middle schools and junior high schools focus on the fact that these schools tend to:

The Carnegie Corporation evaluated U.S. middle schools and recommended that:

Which of the following is a concern related to U.S. high school education?

Over the past 60 years, the percentage of students who drop out or do not finish high school has:

The highest school drop-out rate in the United States occurs for:

In a study, almost 50 percent of high school dropouts cited _____ reasons for leaving school

Identify a strategy mentioned in the book as being emphasized in the Gates' funding to help students at risk for dropping out of school.

This drop-out prevention program functions by "adopting" entire grades from public elementary schools, or corresponding age cohorts from public housing developments. These children are then provided with a program of academic, social, cultural, and recreational activities throughout their elementary, middle school, and high school year. Identify this program.

_____ is a form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to the community.

Alejandro and his class spend a part of their week at the local food bank to feed the homeless. A part of his education is to learn about this population and resources in the community to help. This academic approach is called _____ learning.

. Service learning is often more effective when two conditions are met: (1) giving students some degree of choice in the service activities in which they participate, and (2) _____.