Cryptography is a branch of mathematics that has been used for centuries to protect information from hackers, spies, and other malicious actors. It uses various techniques such as encryption, digital signatures, and hashing to encode data so that it can only be accessed by authorized parties. Cryptography is an essential part of information security and it is important in many industries today.Encryption is the most common form of cryptography and it involves taking data (like a password or confidential document) and scrambling it so that only someone with the right key can unscramble it. The keys are typically very long strings of numbers or words so they are nearly impossible to guess. Digital signatures are used to authenticate documents by ensuring that they have not been tampered with or forged. Hashing functions create unique fingerprints for files or other pieces of data which can be used for identification purposes or comparison between two pieces of data to make sure they match up correctly.Cryptography also plays a role in computer networks like the internet as well as mobile devices like smartphones which need to be secure from unwanted access or interference from third parties. Cryptographic algorithms are also used in banking transactions where sensitive information needs to remain private between two parties such as credit card numbers, bank account numbers, etc. All these applications make cryptography an essential tool for protecting digital privacy and security today.In conclusion, cryptography is an important branch of mathematics which has many applications in the modern world when it comes to keeping information secure and private from malicious actors who might try to gain access without permission. It encompasses several different techniques such as encryption, digital signatures, hashing functions which all work together to make sure that only authorized individuals have access while others remain blocked out completely.
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