Database Midterm

a ______ is a specific request issued to the DBMS for data manipulation

_______ refers to a type of database that stores most of its data in RAM rather than in hard disks.?

Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to ____.

A(n) _____ database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization.

_____ provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database

The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a _____.

A(n) _______ is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database.

The response of the DBMS to a query is the ___________

The term _____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management and use of data within a database environment

The organization of data within folders in a manual file system is determined by _______

_____ is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions

_____ are the result of formatting disorganized data in order to facilitate storage, use and generation of information.

_____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject.

_____ relates to the activities that make the database execute transactions more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed.

_____ is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts

Which of the following is true of spreadsheet applications? Select one: a. They enhance the user's ability to understand the data. b. They provide enhanced security and robust data sharing features. c. They do not allow manipulation of data once entered. d. They are a better alternative to databases.

_____ data exist in the format in which they were collected.

Most data that can be encountered are best classified as _____.

A _____ is a character or group of characters that has a specific meaning.

Data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the _____.

______ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places.

_____ is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning.

An XML database supports the storage and management of _____ XML data.

_____ exists when different and conflicting versions of the same data appear in different places.

A desktop database is a _____ database.

The term ______ refers to scattered locations storing the same basic data.

A(n) _____ database is used by an organization and supports many users across many departments

_____ data exist in a format that does not lend itself to processing that yields information.

End-user data is ____

A workgroup database is a(n) _____ database.

________ is data about data through which the end-user data are integrated and managed.

The DBMS uses the _______ to look up the required data component structures and relationships, thus relieving programmers from having to code such complex relationships in each program.

Data is said to be verifiable if:

A(n) _____ might be written by a programmer or it might be created through a DBMS utility program.

A _____ is a collection of related records.

_____ exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.

A _____ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing.

_____ serve as the intermediary between the user and the database.

Which of the following refers to the situation where different versions of the same data are stored at different places because they weren't updated consistently? Select one: a. Data query b. Data integrity c. Data redundancy d. Data dictionary

Raw data must be properly ______ for storage, processing and presentation.

The _____ model uses the term connectivity to label the relationship types.

_____ are normally expressed in the form of rules.

In the _____ model, each parent can have many children, but each child has only one parent.

A(n) _____ is anything about which data are to be collected and stored.

Each column in a relation represents a(n) _______

One of the limitations of the _____ model is that there is a lack of standards.

From a database point of view, the collection of data becomes meaningful only when it reflects properly defined _____.

In the _____ model, the basic logical structure is represented as an upside-down tree.

Which of the following is true of business rules? Select one: a. They can serve as a communication tool between the users and designers. b. They provide a framework for the company's self-actualization. c. They allow the designer to develop business processes. d. They allow the designer to set company policies with regard to data.

In the _____ model, the user perceives the database as a collection of records in 1:M relationships, where each record can have more than one parent.

A(n) _____ is bidirectional.

MySQL is an example of the _____

An internal _____ refers to a specific representation of an internal model, using the database constructs supported by the chosen database

The _____ data model is said to be a semantic data model.

A(n) _______ is a brief, precise, and unambiguous description of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization.

The _____ model was developed to allow designers to use a graphical tool to examine structures rather than describing them with text.

A(n) ______ is a collection of similar objects with a shared structure and behavior.

NoSQL databases:

The _____ data model uses the concept of inheritance.

A noun in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.

Students and classes have a _____ relationship.

A(n) _____'s main function is to help one understand the complexities of the real-world environment.

_____ is a language based on OO concepts that describes a set of diagrams and symbols used to graphically model a system.

Each row in a relation is called a(n) ______

A(n) _____ is the equivalent of a field in a file system

A(n) _____ enables a database administrator to describe schema components.

The _____ model is the end users' view of the data environment

_____ are important because they help to ensure data integrity.

A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.

_____ are especially useful when you are trying to determine what values in related tables cause referential integrity problems.

_____, also known as RESTRICT, yields values for all rows found in a table that satisfy a given condition.

The _____ is actually a system-created database whose tables store the user/designer-created database characteristics and contents.

Referential _____ dictates that the foreign key must contain values that match the primary key in the related table, or must contain null.

A(n) _____ provides a detailed description of all tables found within the user/designer-created database.

A(n) _____ is an orderly arrangement used to logically access rows in a table.

A _____ key is defined as a key that is used strictly for data retrieval purposes.

A primary key is a(n) ______ key chosen to be the primary means by which rows of a table are uniquely identified.

In a database context, the word _____ indicates the use of the same attribute name to label different attributes.

The CUSTOMER table's primary key is CUS_CODE. The CUSTOMER primary key column has no null entries, and all entries are unique. This is an example of _____ integrity.

Another name for a composite entity is a(n) _____ entity.

A(n) _____ only returns matched records from the tables that are being joined.

To be considered minimally relational, the DBMS must support the key relational operators _____, PROJECT, and JOIN.

_____ returns only the attributes requested, in the order in which they are requested.

A(n) _____ join links tables by selecting only the rows with common values in their common attribute(s).

Each table _____ represents an attribute.

A _____ is any key that uniquely identifies each row.

The _____ constraint can be placed on a column to ensure that every row in the table has a value for that column.

A _____ is the primary key of one table that has been placed into another table to create a common attribute.

_____ relationships can be implemented by creating a new entity in 1:M relationships with the original entities.

The proper use of ________ keys is crucial to controlling data redundancy.

A(n) _______ index is an index in which the index key can have only one pointer value (row) associated with it.

Date attributes contain calendar dates stored in a special format known as the _____ date format

In the relational model, _____ are important because they are used to ensure that each row in a table is uniquely identifiable

When you define a table's primary key, the DBMS automatically creates a(n) _____ index on the primary key column(s) you declared.

_____ logic, used extensively in mathematics, provides a framework in which an assertion (statement of fact) can be verified as either true or false.

The _____ relationship should be rare in any relational database design.

According to Codd's _____ rule of relational database, "Application programs and ad hoc facilities are logically unaffected when changes are made to the table structures that preserve the original table values (changing order of columns or inserting columns)."

The _____ relationship is the "relational model ideal."

In a relational model, _____ are also used to establish relationships among tables and to ensure the integrity of the data.