Chapter 1: Database Systems

Data and information are essentially the same thing. a. True b. False

Data processing can be as simple as organizing data to reveal patterns. a. True b. False

Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning. a. True b. False

When data are entered into a form and saved, they are placed in the underlying database as knowledge. a. True b. False

Data constitute the building blocks of information. a. True b. False

Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database. a. True b. False

The only way to access the data in a database is through the DBMS. a. True b. False

Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests. a. True b. False

The DBMS reveals much of the database's internal complexity to the application programs and users. a. True b. False

One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches. a. True b. False

An operational database is sometimes referred to as an enterprise database. a. True b. False

A data warehouse can store data derived from many sources. a. True b. False

Structure is based on the type of processing to be performed on the data. a. True b. False

Corporations use only structured data. a. True b. False

Field refers to a collection of related records. a. True b. False

Structural dependence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data. a. True b. False

One disadvantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is increased costs. a. True b. False

Data anomaly is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions. a. True b. False

An advantage of database systems is that you needn't perform frequent updates and apply latest patches. a. True b. False

One advantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is that the database system is considerably less complex. a. True b. False

_____ is the result of revealing the meaning of raw facts. a. End-user data b. An encoded sample c. An encrypted bit d. Information

_____ is the body of information and facts about a specific subject. a. Validation b. A format c. Knowledge d. A database

Accurate, relevant, and timely information is the key to ____. a. data management b. good decision making c. knowledge d. understanding

End-user data is _____. a. knowledge about the end users b. raw facts of interest to the end user c. information about a specific subject d. accurate, relevant and timely information

_____ provide a description of the data characteristics and the set of relationships that link the data found within the database. a. Queries b. End-user data c. Metadata d. Schemas

_____ serve as the intermediary between the user and the database. a. DBMSs b. Metadata c. End-user data d. Programming languages

The database structure in a DBMS is stored as a _____. a. single file b. collection of files c. set of key/value pairs d. collection of queries

A(n) _____ might be written by a programmer or it might be created through a DBMS utility program. a. query b. operating system c. database management system d. application

_____ exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places. a. Data inconsistency b. Poor data security c. Structural dependence d. Conceptual dependence

The response of the DBMS to a query is the ___________ a. ad hoc query b. ad hoc response c. query result set d. integrated view of the data

A(n) _____ database is used by an organization and supports many users across many departments. a. desktop b. workgroup c. enterprise d. transactional

A(n) _____ database supports a relatively small number of users (usually fewer than 50) or a specific department within an organization. a. desktop b. workgroup c. enterprise d. transactional

A workgroup database is a(n) _____ database. a. single-user b. multiuser c. desktop d. distributed

A desktop database is a _____ database. a. single-user b. multiuser c. workgroup d. distributed

A data warehouse contains historical data obtained from the _____. a. operational databases b. desktop database c. enterprise databases d. workgroup databases

_____ data exist in the format in which they were collected. a. Structured b. Semistructured c. Unstructured d. Historical

_____ data exist in a format that does not lend itself to processing that yields information. a. Structured b. Semistructured c. Unstructured d. Historical

_____ are the result of formatting disorganized data in order to facilitate storage, use and generation of information. a. Structured data b. Raw data c. Unstructured data d. Obsolete data

Most data that can be encountered are best classified as _____. a. structured b. semistructured c. unstructured d. historical

An XML database supports the storage and management of _____ XML data. a. structured b. multistructured c. fullystructured d. semistructured

The organization of data within folders in a manual file system is determined by _______. a. its date of creation b. its expected use c. the title of the documents in the folder d. the data processing specialist

A _____ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing. a. database b. column c. record d. file

A _____ is a collection of related records. a. schema b. field c. column d. file

A _____ is a character or group of characters that has a specific meaning. a. database b. field c. record d. file

Which of the following is true of spreadsheet applications? a. They provide enhanced security and robust data sharing features. b. They do not allow manipulation of data once entered. c. They are a better alternative to databases. d. They enhance the user's ability to understand the data.

Which of the following refers to the situation where different versions of the same data are stored at different places because they weren't updated consistently? a. Data query b. Data integrity c. Data dictionary d. Data redundancy

Data is said to be verifiable if: a. the data always yields consistent results. b. the data cannot be changed or manipulated. c. the data is obtained from trusted sources. d. the data is stored in different places within the database.

_____ is defined as the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions. a. Data integrity b. Data anomaly c. Data ubiquity d. Data quality

The term _____ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management and use of data within a database environment. a. structured data b. transaction c. management system d. database system

_____ relates to the activities that make the database execute transactions more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed. a. Performance tuning b. Database design c. Query access d. Database management

_____ is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning.

To reveal meaning, information requires _____.

Raw data must be properly _____ for storage, processing and presentation.

Information is produced by processing _____.

_____ is data about data through which the end-user data are integrated and managed.

A(n) _____ is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database.

A(n) _____ is a spur-of-the-moment question.

A(n) _____ is a specific request issued to the DBMS for data manipulation.

_____ databases focus primarily on storing data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.

_____ is a special language used to represent and manipulate data elements in a textual format.

_____ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting an application program's ability to access data.

The term _____ refers to scattered locations storing the same basic data.

_____ exists when different and conflicting versions of the same data appear in different places.

_____ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different places.

A(n) _____ develops when all required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

The DBMS uses the _____ to look up the required data component structures and relationships, thus relieving programmers from having to code such complex relationships in each program.

_____ relates to activities that make a database operate more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed.

Web and mobile technologies that enable "anywhere, anytime, always on" human interactions are forms of _____.

A database that is created and maintained using services such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS is called a(n) _____ database.

When a database stores the majority of data in RAM rather than in hard disks, it is referred to as a(n) _____ database.