Chapter 9 Mastering Questions

An antimicrobial chemical used on the skin is usually called a(n) __________. disinfectant antiseptic germicide disinfectants and antiseptics

Which biosafety level requires that laboratory air be HEPA-filtered but is insufficient for the safe study Ebola? BSL-1 BSL-2 BSL-3 BSL-4

Milk that can be stored for months at room temperature has been treated by which of the following methods? flash pasteurization ultrahigh-temperature pasteurization batch pasteurization ultrahigh-temperature sterilization

Which of the following techniques can be used to sterilize microbiological media? dessication boiling pasteurization autoclaving

A nurse preparing a section of skin for an injection is an example of __________. degerming sanitization sterilization disinfection

Which of the following is the preferred method of determining the efficacy of an antimicrobial chemical in the European Union? the phenol coefficient test the in-use test the use-dilution test the Kelsey-Sykes capacity test

Compared to moist heat methods, dry heat needs which of the following in order to sterilize effectively? higher temperature and shorter time higher temperature and increased time lower temperature and shorter time lower temperature and increased time

Which of the following is a low-level disinfectant? quats halogens alcohols oxidizing agents

Hydrogen peroxide does NOT make a good antiseptic for open wounds because __________. it is too toxic for human cells catalase in human tissues neutralizes it it is too expensive for this type of use it evaporates too quickly

Damage to the cell wall will adversely affect a bacterial cell by making it more susceptible to __________. radiation alcohols high temperature osmotic pressure

Put the following microbes in order of their resistance to antimicrobial agents, from least to most resistant: a. prions b. enveloped viruses c. mycobacteria d. Gram-negative bacteria

Hydrogen peroxide is an example of a(n) __________ and can serve as an effective disinfectant, though it does NOT work well as an antiseptic. halogen surfactants aldehyde oxidizing agent

Iodophors and chloramines are similar in that they are both halogen-containing compounds that __________. are more effective than other halogen compounds damage the cell membrane are more damaging than other types of halogen compounds slowly release their active ingredients

Antimicrobial agents that damage the viral envelope __________. have no effect on bacterial cells prevent attachment of the virus to its target cell affect viral replication interfere with the formation of nucleic acids inside the virus

Which of the following is most susceptible to antimicrobial agents? vegetative bacteria bacterial endospores mycobacteria protozoan cysts

Which of the following is the most important part of sterilization using an autoclave? increased pressure the size of the autoclave chamber the time of exposure the use of steam

Which of the following could be used to sterilize objects such as medical devices? orthophenylphenol ethylene oxide silver nitrate 100% alcohol

Which of the following could be used to sterilize a heat-sensitive liquid such as urea broth? pasteurization filtration autoclaving lyophilization

A broth containing 1 million bacterial cells is treated with an antimicrobial agent that kills 90% of the cells in 1 minute. What is the minimum amount of time it will take before all the cells in the broth are dead? 3 minutes 5 minutes 7 minutes 10 minutes

An instrument coming into contact with the skin of an immunocompromised patient should be treated with which of the following? high-level germicide low-level germicide surfactants intermediate-level germicide

Assume that you have an antimicrobial agent specific for each of the targets listed below. Indicate which type of microbe would be most susceptible to the agent by placing it in the appropriate bin. All bacteria Gram-positive Viruses All bacteria and viruses

Which of the following shows the moist heat methods in order of the temperature used (highest to lowest)? Ultrahigh>Autoclave>Boiling>Batch Pasteurization Ultrahigh>Boiling>Autoclave>Batch Pasteurization Ultrahigh> Boiling>Batch Pasteurization >Autoclave Autoclave>Ultrahigh>Batch Pasteurization>Boilin

_______________ is a process used to destroy pathogens in food and drinks. It must be done at a lower temperature than other methods so that _______________. autoclaving; the taste of the food or drink will not be altered Pasteurization; beneficial microorganisms are not killed Pasteurization; the taste of the food or drink will not be altered autoclaving; beneficial microorganisms are not killed

What are the 5 main antibacterial drug targets in bacteria?