Chapter 12 - Romanesque Europe Multiple Choice

2 September 2022
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question
The term Roman-like was adopted to describe the architecture of the Romanesque period, because it relied on elements of Roman architecture such as __
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groin and barrel vaults
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Which of the following encouraged the growth of towns and cities?
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an increase in trade
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__ was the economic system that was gradually replaced by the growth of towns and cities during the Romanesque period
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Monasticism
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One of the factors that contributed to the enormous surge in church building during the Romanesque period was the __
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thanksgiving experienced at the peaceful conclusion of the first millenium
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Pilgrims often journeyed to churches to view __, which were the material remains of the holy figures
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relics
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The primary motivation for undertaking a pilgrimage, which was extremely dangerous and could often last a year, was __
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to seek salvation or a cure
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Pilgrims believed that relics could __
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heal body and soul
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Saint Faith at Conques, Saint James at Santiago de Compostela and Saint-Sernin at Toulouse are all examples of __ churches
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pilgrimage
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The purpose of tribunes such as those found at Saint James at Santiago de Compostela and Saint-Sernin Toulouse was __
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to house the overflow crowds and to buttress the weight of the vaults
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The nave of pilgrimage churches, such as Saint-Sernin at Toulouse and Saint James, were covered by a
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cut-stone barrel vault
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In the Romanesque period church interiors became impressive acoustical settings for church services. Which of the following architectural elements allowed for the excellent acoustic?
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the continuous barrel-vaulted naves
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__ was the artist of one of the earliest sets of Romanesque reliefs at Saint-Sermin
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Bernardus Gelduinus
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...
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the survival of ancient Roman ruins
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The monks of the __ order were one of the primary patrons of Romanesque sculpture
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Cluniac
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Which of the following churches was the largest in Europe until the new St. Peter's in Rome was constructed in the 17th century?
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Cluny III
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__ were innovative architectural features that appeared at Cluny III
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a three-story elevation and pointed arches
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The __ is the covered courtyard in a monastery where monks and nuns prayed and meditated in quiet seclusion
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cloister
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The Cistercian monk who criticized the elaborate sculptural decoration in cloisters was __
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Bernard of Clairvaux
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One of the primary reasons that Bernard of Clairvaux criticized the profusion of sculptural decoration in Romanesque cloister was because it __
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distracted the viewer from reading and prayer
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One of the most obvious differences between Cistercian churches such as Notre-Dame at Fontenay and other Romanesque churches is the absence of __
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sculptural decoration
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The ornate sculpture facade of Notre-Dame-la-Grande demonstrates the importance of having sculptural decoration visible to the __
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laity
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The __ is the semi-circular are above the lintel of a Romanesque portal
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tympanum
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During the Romanesque period the vision of Christ's Second Coming was often depicted on which of the following?
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the tympanum
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__ is the church most closely associated with the crusades
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La Madeleine, Vézelay
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The __ were Christian campaigns to reclaim the Holy Land from the Muslims
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crusades
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At Pentecost the Apostles were called to __
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spread the Gospels to all peoples
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The mission of the __, the earliest crusading knights, was to protect Christians visiting Christian shrines in the Holy Land
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Knights Templar
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A(n) __ church is one in which the aisles are approximately the same height as the nave
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hall
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Saint-Savin is a hall church with paintings on the continuous vault of the nave. Which of the following allows for this?
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The aisles are approximately the same height as the nave
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__, in northern Spain, boasts more Romanesque murals than anywhere else in Europe
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Catalonia
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Of the following characteristics, which is not relevant to Italian church architecture?
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verticality
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The Romanesque church that had a wooden ceiling like those found in the Early Christian basilicas was which of the following?
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San Miniato, Florence
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Which of the architectural elements below was used for the exterior supports on Romanesque buildings?
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buttresses
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The intersection of two barrel vaults creates which of the following?
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groin vault
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The Bayeux Tapestry is unique in Romanesque art. Which of the following supports the claim?
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It depicted an actual event in full detail shortly after it occured