1.
makes it possible to determine the genotype of an individual of unknown genotype who exhibits the dominant version of a trait.
2.
is a cross of an individual whose genotype for a trait is not known with an individual homozygous-recessive for the trait.
3.
sometimes requires the production of multiple offspring in order to reveal the genotype of an individual whose genotype is unknown.
question
Traits that are determined by instructions a person carries on one gene are called:
answer
Single-gene traits
question
How can two pea plants that have different genotypes for seed color be identical in phenotype?
answer
One of the two plants could be homozygous for the dominant allele while the other could be heterozygous.
question
Phenylketonuria is a good example of the environmental effects on phenotype because:
answer
its adverse effects can be avoided by limiting the amount of phenylalanine in the diet.
question
When crossing-over occurs, _______________ genes usually stay together.
answer
linked
question
Assuming that a particular disorder is caused by an allele of a single gene, what feature of a pedigree would allow one to conclude that the disorder was caused by a dominant allele?
answer
Two affected parents have an unaffected child.
question
In snapdragons, flower color is inherited as a trait with incomplete dominance. There is an allele, CW, that produces no pigment, and an allele, CR, that produces red pigment. A plant with the CWCR genotype will produce _________________ flowers.
answer
pink
question
A situation in which the heterozygote offspring of two homozygotes show a phenotype intermediate between those of the parents is called:
answer
incomplete dominance.
question
The ABO blood type system in humans is an example of:
answer
multiple alleles and codominance.
question
Sex-linked traits:
answer
often are expressed in different frequencies in males and females.
question
The ABO blood type system in humans is a system that contains ________ alleles that produce __________ different phenotypes.
answer
three; four
question
Which of the following was NOT true of Gregor Mendel?
answer
He understood basic concepts about DNA replication.
question
In pea plants, purple flower color is dominant to white flower color. If two pea plants that are true-breeding for white flowers are crossed, in the offspring:
answer
all of the flowers will be white.
question
A male with an X-linked recessive disorder mates with a female that is a carrier for this same X-linked recessive disorder. Which of the following is the correct expected frequency of this disorder in their children?
answer
50% frequency in both the sons and the daughters
question
A true-breeding red rose is repeatedly mated with a true-breeding white rose, and all of their offspring are red. If two of these red offspring are mated, what percentage of their offspring will be red?
answer
75%
question
Gregor Mendel performed his famous experiments on:
answer
garden peas.
question
Which of the following is NOT a continuously varying trait (polygenic inheritance)?
answer
sickle-cell disease
question
Which of the following pairings, indicated by letters referring to blood type phenotypes, CANNOT produce a child with type B blood?
answer
O x O
question
In snapdragons, there is an allele for flower color, CW, that produces no pigment. A plant with the genotype CWCW will produce _____________ flowers.
answer
white
question
Most genes come in alternative forms called:
answer
alleles
question
Which of the following statements is true regarding pedigree analysis?
answer
Darkened shapes always represent individuals with the trait being traced.
question
The test-cross:
answer
1.
makes it possible to determine the genotype of an individual of unknown genotype who exhibits the dominant version of a trait.
2.
is a cross of an individual whose genotype for a trait is not known with an individual homozygous-recessive for the trait.
3.
sometimes requires the production of multiple offspring in order to reveal the genotype of an individual whose genotype is unknown.
question
Which of the following is a single-gene trait?
answer
the widow's peak hairline
question
If a true-breeding, blue-flowered plant was crossed with a true-breeding white-flowered plant, what phenotypic ratio would we observe in the progeny resulting from this cross? Assume the white-flowered trait is completely dominant.
answer
100% white
question
Phenylketonuria is a good example of the environmental effects on phenotype because:
answer
its adverse effects can be avoided by limiting the amount of phenylalanine in the diet.
question
Genes that are _____________ do not assort independently, but they may recombine by crossing over.
answer
linked
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