AP Stats Unit 8 Progress Check: MCQ Part A

Which of the following describes a scenario in which a chi-square goodness-of-fit test would be an appropriate procedure to justify the claim?

An amusement park keeps track of the percentage of individuals with season passes according to age category. An independent tourist company would like to show that this distribution of age category for individuals buying season passes is different from what the amusement park claims. The tourist company randomly sampled 200 individuals entering the park with a season pass and recorded the number of individuals within each age category. The tourist company will use the data to test the amusement park's claim, which is reflected in the following null hypothesis. H0_pchild=0.23, pteen=0.45, padult=0.20, and psenior=0.12. What inference procedure will the company use to investigate whether or not the distribution of age category for individuals with season passes is different from what the amusement park claims?

A recent article published in Berry Weekly reported a probability distribution for the different types of jelly that individuals prefer. Editors from a competitive magazine, Jammin, conducted their own study to test the distribution. The editors from Jammin surveyed a random sample of 50 individuals and recorded the observed counts of individuals for each jelly type. They decided to test Berry Weekly's claim using a chi-square goodness-of-fit test using Jammin's observed counts compared with the number of expected counts based on the Berry Weekly data. Which of the following is the correct null hypothesis for the test?

The table displays the distribution of the percentage of different types of home heating sources for a large mountain city, as reported by the city newspaper. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test will be performed using a simple random sample of 100 homes to investigate whether the proportion of homes heated with each source is the same as what is reported by the newspaper. Which of the following represents the alternative hypothesis of the test?

A Labrador retriever club has 130 members: 65 black Labs, 44 golden Labs, and 21 chocolate Labs. Pablo is going to perform a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to see if the distribution of Labrador retrievers in the club is the same as the distribution nationally. Pablo is going to test his sample against the following null hypothesis, which reflects the national distribution. H0_pblack=0.53,pgolden=0.39,pchocolate=0.08 If the distribution of Labrador retrievers in the club were to match that of the national average, how many of each type of Labrador retriever would Pablo expect to see in his club?

Jana, a high school principal, hosted a movie event at her school. Jana's assistant kept track of the number of students in each grade who attended the event. The distribution shown in the table represents the number of students in each grade that were present. Jana knows that the grade levels are equally distributed across the school of 1,200 students. She would like to use a chi-square test to see if the proportion of individuals in each class at the movie are also equally distributed. How many seniors would be expected at the event?

A bag of candy contains 5 different types of colored candies; red, green, blue, yellow, and orange. According to the manufacturer, bags should contain an equal number of each color. Students in a statistics class decided to use a chi-square procedure to test the manufacturer's claim. They opened a bag of candy and recorded the number of candies of each color. The results are shown in the following table. Which color contributes most to the chi-square test statistic?

Which of the following best describes the shape of the chi-square distribution when the degrees of freedom are less than 10 ?

A national publication showed the following distribution of favorite class subjects for high school students. Pasquale, a student from a high school of 1,200 students, wants to see whether the distribution at his school matches that of the publication. He stands at the school entrance in the morning and asks the first 40 students he sees what their favorite class is. Pasquale records the following table of observed values. He decides to conduct a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to see whether his high school's distribution differs significantly from that of the publication. Pasquale's statistics teacher tells him that his information does not meet the conditions necessary for a goodness-of-fit test. Which condition has not been met? Data are collected using a random sample or randomized experiment n≤0.10N All expected counts are greater than 5.

A round spinner is divided into five sections, where the sections do not have the same size. Using the measure of the interior angles, the probability of the spinner landing on any individual space on a spin is calculated and given in the table. A statistics student is asked to test the integrity of the spinner using a chi-square goodness-of-fit test. What is the minimum number of times the spinner should be spun to conduct this test?

A sports fan conducted a test to investigate whether male high school athletes are equally divided among football, soccer, swimming, tennis, and basketball. A sample of male high school athletes was selected and the resulting value of the chi-square test statistic was 10.65. Which of the following represents the p-value?

A job candidate at a large job fair can be classified as unacceptable, provisional, or acceptable. Based on past experience, a high-quality candidate is expected to get 80 percent acceptable ratings, 15 percent provisional ratings, and 5 percent unacceptable ratings. A high-quality candidate was evaluated by 100 companies and received 60 acceptable, 25 provisional, and 15 unacceptable ratings. A chi-square goodness-of-fit-test was conducted to investigate whether the evaluation of the candidate is consistent with past experience. What is the value of the chi-square test statistic and number of degrees of freedom for the test?

A major credit card company is investigating whether the distribution of the number of credit cards used by its customers has changed from last year to this year. Customers are classified as using 1 card, 2 cards, or more than 2 cards. The company conducts a chi-square goodness-of-fit test to investigate whether there is a change in the distribution of number of cards used from last year to this year. The value of the chi-square test statistic was χ2=7.82 with a corresponding p-value of 0.02. Assuming the conditions for inference were met, which of the following is the correct interpretation of this p-value?

A χ2 goodness-of-fit test where all assumptions were met yielded the chi-square test statistic χ2=1.92 and a corresponding p-value of 0.75. The researcher interpreted the p-value as a 0.75 probability of observing a test statistic of χ2=1.92 or larger. What is wrong with the researcher's interpretation?

A researcher is investigating the claim that the proportion of television viewers who identify one of four shows as their favorite is the same for all four shows. A χ2 goodness-of-fit test at a significance level of α=0.05 produced the test statistic χ2=8.95 with a corresponding p-value of 0.03. Which of the following is correct?

A chi-square goodness-of-fit test using a significance level of α=0.05 was conducted to investigate whether the number of babies born in a town is uniformly distributed across the months of the year. The test produced a test statistic of χ2=5.6 with a corresponding p-value of 0.90. Which of the following is correct?