Test 2 BIO QUestions

Which of the following levels of the heirarchical organization of life are made up of one or more cells? - tissue - organism - organ - atom - organelle - molecule - tissue - organism

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic possessed by living things? - Living things can maintain a relatively constant internal environment (homeostasis). - Living things can assimilate and use energy. - Living things are highly organized compared to non-living things. - Living things are relativley simple compared to nonliving things.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living things? - All living things are able to respond to their environment. - All living things are composed of one or more cells. - All living things are evolved from other living things. - All living things are capable of being generated from nonliving matter and energy.

What characteristics must a robust scientific hypothesis contain? - It must relate to an observed phenomenon. - It must be falsifiable. - It must be testable. - It must be based on previously proven work. - It must be factually correct.

When is a scientific theory proven? - A theory is proven when 50% of the experts in the field agree that the theory is correct. - Theories are proven when no scientist can successfully argue against an idea. - Theories are proven when no reasonable questions about the issue remain to be studied. - Theories are not proven, but given provisional assent pending the addition of new evidence.

As a category of macromolecules, carbohydrates are usually: - Ionic - Hydrophobic - Hydrophilic - Liquid at room temperature

Functional groups can affect the way a molecule interacts with water True or false?

Polymerization is not reversible True or False?

Which of these is an energy storage polysaccharide commonly found in plant cells? - Triglycerides - Glycogen - Cellulose - Starch

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum chloroplast plasma membrane

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in vacuoles Golgi apparatus nuclei mitochondria chloroplasts

Which of the following contains hydrolytic (relating to hydrolysis) enzymes? ribosome Golgi apparatus lysosome mitochondrion vacuole

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except a plasma membrane ribosomes an endoplasmic reticulum a plant cell wall DNA

Which of the following is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by the cell to the outside? nucleus -> ER -> Golgi ER -> Golgi apparatus -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane ER -> Golgi apparatus -> nucleus Golgi -> ER -> lysosome

The component of the plasma membrane that helps it maintain it's fluidity is its: phospholipid protein cholesterol lipid

Which of the following accurately describes a phospholipid? The phosphate head on one end of the phospholipid is repeled by water and the fatty acid tails are attracted to water. Both ends of the phospholipids are equally attraced to water. The phosphate group on one end of the phospholipid is attracted to water molecules, and the fatty acid tails on the other end are not attracted to water. The phospholipids are the most hydrophobic of the lipid molecules.

Which of the following components are found in the plasma membrane of the cell? hospholipids, cholesterol, nucleic acids and protein only proteins only phospholipids phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins and carbohydrate chains

which of the following required energy to move a solute against it's concentration gradient? simple diffusion passive transport active transport osmosis

The massive array of functions that may be performed by the plasma membrane are largely due to its __________. proteins lipids ions carbohydrates

The net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane is: osmosis active transport facilitated diffusion simple diffusion

The energy stored within an ATP molecule is? potential energy kinetic energy

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of enzymes? x The activity of enzymes can be regulated by other molecules Enzymes provide activation energy for the reactions they catalyze Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts Enzymes display specificity for certain molecules with which they interact

Imagine that you are a cell and you want to join two low energy molecules together. They resist joining. What two special types of molecules would you need to supply to overcome this obstacle? - a lipid and ATP - a sugar and an enzyme - a lipid and an enzyme - an enzyme and ATP

Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism? Only its terminal phosphate group contains a strong covalent bond that can release energy It provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions Its hydrolysis provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions

Which of the following is uncharacteristic of ATP? It is a good long-term energy storage molecule In most reactions involving ATP, only the outer, high-energy bond is hydrolized. It is formed by attaching a phosphate group to ADP with a high-energy bond. When dephosphorylated, ATP becomes ADP

How does an enzyme serve as a catalyst for a reaction? By supplying energy to speed up a reaction By increasing the amount of free energy in a reaction. By lowering the activation energy of a reaction By lowering the delta G of a reaction

Which type of membrane transport process uses ATP as an energy source? simple diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport

Energy that is stored is ___________ energy, while energy in motion is ________ energy. potential, kinetic kinetic, potential essential, kinetic kinetic, essential

You are an example of what type of energy system? an open system an isolated system a closed system

Whenever energy is transformed, there is always an increase in? entropy in the universe free energy in the system free energy in the universe enthalpy in the universe

Which of these statements describe some aspect of energy in living organisms? A. anabolic pathways involve the input of energy B. protein synthesis does not require energy C. carbohydrates store potential energy D. A and B E. B and C F. A and C

Which of the following is true of catabolic pathways? They often involve break down of complex molecules Overall they release energy They release energy overall, often by breaking down complex molecules, like the process of cellular respiration cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway

The theory of natural selection states that: - the best adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most genes to the next generation. - individuals that live the longest are best adapted and selected for survival in the next generation. - only the largest and strongest individuals survive. - individuals that mutate in response to their environment will survive at the expense of those individuals that are genetically stable.

From an evolutionary perspective, sections of the geologic timescale are defined by: - whether the rocks are sedimentary or metamorphic. - the age of the rocks. - the kinds of fossils present. - how close the rocks are to the surface of the earth.

Which of the following is the most likely candidate for the first eukaryotic life-forms to move onto land? fungi algae in shallow water trilobites amphibians in shallow water

Charles Darwin was the first person to propose: - that the Earth is older than a few thousand years. - that evolution occurs. x - a mechanism for how evolution occurs. - a mechanism for evolution that was supported by evidence.

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the history of life on Earth? prokaryotes, eukaryotes, land animals, land plants aquatic organisms, photosynthesis, limbs, land organisms prokaryotes, photosynthesis, eukaryotes, land organisms Cambrian explosion, multicellular organisms, photosynthesis, eukaryotes

What mechanism did Charles Darwin discover as the driving force behind evolution? the inheritance of acquired characteristics. natural selection artificial selection. common descent with modification

The theory of natural selection states that: the best adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most genes to the next generation. only the largest and strongest individuals survive. individuals that mutate in response to their environment will survive at the expense of those individuals that are genetically stable. individuals that live the longest are best adapted and selected for survival in the next generation

Where, specifically, is energy stored within an ATP molecule?

What type of reaction would fuel another? What is this overall linking of reactions called?

Most of the energy in a car's engine is dissipated into surroundings as heat, making combustion of gasoline an inefficient process. What is this an example of?

What are 2 ways a cell/organism can regulate enzyme activity?

Enzyme function is related to an enzyme's...?

Where does the Calvin cycle take place within the chloroplast?

What is a horsetail or fern an example of?

Which substance 'splits in the beginning of the light-dependent r(x)'s to contribute electrons to the ETC?

What two products are produced in the light-dependent reactions? What is the byproduct?

What is the process of incorporating CO2 into organic molecules? (ex. glucose)? In what stage of photosynthesis does this occur?

What are the two types of accessory pigments?

Which plant life stage (found in alteration of generations) produces spores?

Where are gymnosperms' seeds found? Where are angiosperms' seeds found?

What type of plant is most commonly found and most recently evolved?

Name the four characteristics of all plants

This is the process by which angiosperm gametes combine to form a plant embryo

What type of plant tissue makes up newly growing tips of roots or shoots?

What is the process that "pulls" up water from the roots as a result of water evaporating from the leaves?

Where are the primary sites of photosynthesis located?

What is the male part of an angiosperm called? What is the female part of an angiosperm called?

What is the type of plant tissue that functions in fluid transport? What are the two types of this tissue?

Organisms that use light energy to make their own food are called...?

Energy cannot be created/destroyed--only changed. What is this called?

What is the term that describes a plant's ability to distinguish spatial orientation and direct growth of roots vs. shoots?

Name the three types of plant tissue and give an example of each

What are the four types of plants? Which posses vascular tissue? Which posses seeds?