RCR-Basic 10-13

20 August 2022
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31 test answers

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question
The main way in which the organization Doctors Without Borders acts on social responsibilities is by:
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Providing medical care in emergency situations.
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The authors Martin and Schinzinger claim that researchers have special obligations to society primarily because:
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Research and innovation can be considered potentially risky experiments that involve society.
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Which of the following most accurately describes the Green Revolution?
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It involved mobilizing a technological system to improve food production.
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Which of the following most accurately describes technological momentum?
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It is a system's inertia or resistance to change.
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Social responsibility is usually expressed in professional codes of ethics by stating that:
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Researchers have an obligation to the public.
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Michael McFarland argues that proximity is one reason why researchers have an obligation to help the public. Which of following most accurately describes what McFarland means by proximity?
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Having the specialized expertise to reduce technical risks.
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Which of the following most directly contributed to the establishment of the National Research Act and the creation of the Belmont Report?
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The Tuskegee Study
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Which statement best describes what an IRB is responsible for reviewing?
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Research involving a human subject
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Which of the following best describes when a protocol may be eligible for expedited review by the IRB?
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The study involves no more than minimal risk and meets one of the allowable categories of expedited review specified by the federal government.
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Which statement best describes the role of an IRB:
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A committee that reviews different types of human subjects research
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As a first step, what must be done before enrolling a young child in a research protocol?
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The risks and benefits must be explained to the child's parents or legally authorized representative.
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Which statement best describes information that must be included in a consent form?
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A description of the research's potential benefits and risks
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Which statement most accurately describes the process leading to the development of the Nuremberg Code:
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It was created in response to the harms caused by Nazi researchers around the time of the Second World War.
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Which of following protocols is the one that is most likely to require IRB review?
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A study to evaluate a newly designed wheelchair by asking elderly individuals to use it.
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The three ethical principles discussed in the Belmont Report are:
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Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice
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Which of the following statements most clearly illustrates the principle of beneficence?
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Determining whether the benefits of a study outweigh the risks.
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Which of the following most clearly illustrates Russell and Burch's Replacement concept?
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The use of computer modeling software instead of using animals in an experiment.
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Which of the following is the general guideline that IACUCs use to evaluate the potential pain of a procedure conducted with animals?
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Any procedure that causes pain or distress in human beings may cause pain or distress in other animals.
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What is the primary purpose of the "3Rs" concept from Russell and Burch?
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To decrease the use of animals in research and to minimize pain and distress caused by animal experiments.
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Which of the following is true regarding the use of animals in research?
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The attending veterinarian must be allowed to have access to all research animals at all times.
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Which of the following most accurately describes the process that must occur when working with research animals covered by U.S. federal regulations?
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The research team must obtain IACUC approval for the proposed research procedures prior to starting the work.
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Which justification would an IACUC most likely accept if a research team plans to withhold pain relief (analgesia) from animals during a project?
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Documented evidence that the analgesic agent will interfere with the aims of the project.
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Prior to implementing any significant change in the use of animals, what is the most important thing that the research team must do?
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Obtain IACUC approval for the change.
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Which of the following is the main reason why proper training in euthanasia techniques is important?
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Improper techniques can cause unnecessary pain and distress in animals.
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Which of the following is empowered by the U.S. federal government to review and approve research activities involving vertebrate animals?
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The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
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Which entity is responsible for monitoring institutional compliance with PHS Policy?
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The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW)
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Ecocentrism is the view that:
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An entire ecosystem can have moral value.
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Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative suggests that:
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An action is morally correct if it can be universalized.
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Requiring industries to recycle 25% of plastics in their manufacturing process is an example of:
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Risk management.
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Which of the following is the clearest example of a macroethical issue?
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Balancing risks and benefits from nanotechnology research.
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The anthropocentric viewpoint implies that:
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Engineers should consider how much pollution their devices create because of how human health is affected.